# 请求表单与文件

FastAPI 支持同时使用 `File` 和 `Form` 定义文件和表单字段。

/// info | "说明"

接收上传文件或表单数据，要预先安装 <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>。

例如，`pip install python-multipart`。

///

## 导入 `File` 与 `Form`

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001.py!}
```

## 定义 `File` 与 `Form` 参数

创建文件和表单参数的方式与 `Body` 和 `Query` 一样：

## 使用 `TestClient`

/// info | "信息"

要使用 `TestClient`，先要安装 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">`httpx`</a>.

例：`pip install httpx`.

///

导入 `TestClient`.

通过传入你的**FastAPI**应用创建一个 `TestClient` 。

创建名字以 `test_` 开头的函数（这是标准的 `pytest` 约定）。

像使用 `httpx` 那样使用 `TestClient` 对象。

                                                newPlugin("maven-jar-plugin", "jar"),
                                                newPlugin("maven-install-plugin", "install"),
                                                newPlugin("maven-deploy-plugin", "deploy")))
                                        .build());
                    } else {
                        return Map.of();

def test_fastapi_cli_not_installed():
    with patch.object(fastapi.cli, "cli_main", None):
        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as exc_info:
            fastapi.cli.main()

      - name: Setup reviewdog
        uses: reviewdog/action-setup@v1

      - name: gofumpt -s with reviewdog
        env:
          REVIEWDOG_GITHUB_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
        run: |
          go install mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.2.0
          gofumpt -e -d . | \

```

////

/// info

To use `EmailStr`, first install <a href="https://github.com/JoshData/python-email-validator" class="external-link" target="_blank">`email-validator`</a>.

Make sure you create a [virtual environment](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activate it, and then install it, for example:

```console
$ pip install email-validator
```

or with:

```console

if [[ -z $GITHUB_ACTION ]]; then
  if [ -d tests ]
  then
    cd tests
    if [[ $(uname -a) == *" arm64" ]]; then
      MSSQL_IMAGE=mcr.microsoft.com/azure-sql-edge docker compose up -d || true
      go install github.com/microsoft/go-sqlcmd/cmd/sqlcmd@latest || true
      SQLCMDPASSWORD=LoremIpsum86 sqlcmd -U sa -S localhost:9930 -Q "IF DB_ID('gorm') IS NULL CREATE DATABASE gorm" > /dev/null || true

def buildOs = 'linux'
def buildJdk = '17'
def buildMvn = '3.8.x'
def runITsOses = ['linux']
def runITsJdks = ['17', '21']
def runITsMvn = '3.8.x'
def runITscommand = "mvn clean install -Prun-its,embedded -B -U -V" // -DmavenDistro=... -Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true
def tests

try {

def osNode = jenkinsEnv.labelForOS(buildOs)
node(jenkinsEnv.nodeSelection(osNode)) {
    dir('build') {

            cmdAndArguments.add(mavenOptions.altProjectSettings().get());
        }
        if (mavenOptions.altInstallationSettings().isPresent()) {
            cmdAndArguments.add("--install-settings");
            cmdAndArguments.add(mavenOptions.altInstallationSettings().get());
        }
        if (mavenOptions.altUserToolchains().isPresent()) {
            cmdAndArguments.add("--toolchains");

// This tests the k8s installation.  It validates the CNI plugin configuration
// and the existence of the CNI plugin binary locations.
package install_test

import (
	"testing"

	install "istio.io/istio/cni/test"
	"istio.io/istio/pkg/test/env"
)

type testCase struct {
	name             string
	chainedCNIPlugin bool
	preConfFile      string
	resultFileName   string