}

    /*
     * These methods "should" call checkNotNull. However, I'm wary of accidentally introducing
     * anything that might slow down execution on such a hot path. Given that the methods are only
     * package-private, I feel OK with just not testing them for NPE.
     *
     * Note that testing casValue is particularly dangerous because it uses Unsafe under some

/// tip | Astuce

Ici nous utilisons `Query()` parce qu’il s’agit d’un **paramètre de requête**. Plus tard nous verrons d’autres comme `Path()`, `Body()`, `Header()` et `Cookie()`, qui acceptent également les mêmes arguments que `Query()`.

///

FastAPI va maintenant :

- **Valider** les données en s’assurant que la longueur maximale est de 50 caractères

    assertTrue(range.containsAll(asList(3, 3, 4, 5)));
    assertFalse(range.containsAll(asList(3, 3, 4, 5, 6)));

    // We happen to know that natural-order sorted sets use a different code
    // path, so we test that separately
    assertTrue(range.containsAll(ImmutableSortedSet.of(3, 3, 4, 5)));
    assertTrue(range.containsAll(ImmutableSortedSet.of(3)));
    assertTrue(range.containsAll(ImmutableSortedSet.<Integer>of()));

	}

	// Query string.
	queryStr := req.Form.Encode()

	// Get canonical request.
	canonicalRequest := getCanonicalRequest(extractedSignedHeaders, payload, queryStr, req.URL.Path, req.Method)

	// Get string to sign from canonical request.
	stringToSign := getStringToSign(canonicalRequest, date, signV4Values.Credential.getScope())

	// Get hmac signing key.

        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("[3.2.1-v3235e, 3.3.0-v3346]"), "Versions unordered");
        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Path to dependency:"), "DependencyTrail unresolved");
    }

    private Artifact getArtifact(String id, Set artifacts) {
        for (Object artifact : artifacts) {
            Artifact a = (Artifact) artifact;

        }

        @Override
        public boolean isSecure() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public jakarta.servlet.RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path) {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public int getRemotePort() {
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public String getLocalName() {

Y aún así, probablemente no querrías que la aplicación quede muerta porque hubo un error en un lugar, probablemente querrás que **siga ejecutándose** al menos para las *path operations* que no estén rotas.

### Reiniciar Después del Colapso { #restart-after-crash }

用戶端會收到「500 Internal Server Error」，但應用會繼續處理之後的請求，而不是整個崩潰。

### 更嚴重的錯誤 - 當機 { #bigger-errors-crashes }

然而，仍可能有一些情況，我們寫的程式碼「讓整個應用當機」，使 Uvicorn 與 Python 都崩潰。💥

即便如此，你大概也不會希望應用因為某處錯誤就一直處於死亡狀態，你可能會希望它「繼續運作」，至少讓沒有壞掉的「路徑操作（path operations）」能持續服務。

### 當機後重新啟動 { #restart-after-crash }

在這些會讓「執行中行程」整個崩潰的嚴重錯誤案例裡，你會希望有個外部元件負責「重新啟動」該行程，至少嘗試幾次...

/// tip

...不過，如果整個應用「一啟動就立刻」崩潰，那持續無止境地重啟大概沒有意義。但在這類情況下，你很可能會在開發過程中就發現，或至少在部署後馬上注意到。

		t.Errorf("got unexpected result: %#v", got)
	}
}

func Test_metaCacheEntries_filterRecursiveRootSep(t *testing.T) {
	data := loadMetacacheSampleEntries(t)
	// This will remove anything with "bzip2/" in the path since it is separator
	data.filterRecursiveEntries("", "bzip2/")
	got := data.entries().names()

    assertThat(
      challengeResponse.request.url
        .toUrl()
        .path,
    ).isEqualTo("/b")
    val redirectedBy = challengeResponse.priorResponse
    assertThat(
      redirectedBy!!
        .request.url
        .toUrl()
        .path,
    ).isEqualTo("/a")
  }

  @Test
  fun attemptAuthorization20Times() {
    for (i in 0..19) {