### Import `HTTPException`

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Lance o `HTTPException` no seu código.

`HTTPException`, ao fundo, nada mais é do que a conjunção entre uma exceção comum do Python e informações adicionais relevantes para APIs.

E porque é uma exceção do Python, você não **retorna** (return) o `HTTPException`, você lança o (raise) no seu código.

Bu işlemi standart modern Python tipleriyle yapıyoruz.

Yeni bir sözdizimi yapısını, bir kütüphane özel metod veya sınıfları öğrenmeye gerek yoktur.

Hepsi sadece **Python** standartlarına dayalıdır.

Örnek olarak, `int` tanımlamak için:

```Python
item_id: int
```

ya da daha kompleks herhangi bir python modelini tanımlayabiliriz, örneğin `Item` modeli için:

```Python

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="12"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial003_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="14"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial003_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="1  14"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial003.py!}
```

////

Verwenden Sie Standard-Python-Typen für die Klassenattribute:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="5-9"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="7-11"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

从 `pydantic` 中导入 `BaseModel`：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="2"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

## 创建数据模型

把数据模型声明为继承 `BaseModel` 的类。

使用 Python 标准类型声明所有属性：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="5-9"

For example, we can define an `Image` model:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7-9"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial004_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="9-11"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial004_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9-11"

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="25"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="25"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="26"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an.py!}
```

<div class="termy">

```console
$ which python

/home/user/code/awesome-project/.venv/bin/python
```

</div>

If it shows the `python` binary at `.venv/bin/python`, inside of your project (in this case `awesome-project`), then it worked. 🎉

////

//// tab | Windows PowerShell

<div class="termy">

```console
$ Get-Command python

## `Field` 임포트

먼저 이를 임포트해야 합니다:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an.py!}
```

```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="5  12-16"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="5  13-17"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial002_an.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.10+ non-Annotated

/// tip

Prefer to use the `Annotated` version if possible.

///

```Python hl_lines="3  10-14"