// or we can show it graphically as:
    //
    // p1 ---> p0 --> super model
    //
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------

    @Test
    void testDependencyManagement() throws Exception {
        File localRepo = getLocalRepositoryPath();
        File pom0 = new File(localRepo, "p0/pom.xml");

        File pom0Basedir = pom0.getParentFile();

    print(f"Hey {name}!")
```

The parameter `name` is defined as `Optional[str]`, but it is **not optional**, you cannot call the function without the parameter:

```Python
say_hi()  # Oh, no, this throws an error! 😱
```

The `name` parameter is **still required** (not *optional*) because it doesn't have a default value. Still, `name` accepts `None` as the value:

```Python

        return additionalLines;
    }

    public void setAdditionalLines(List<String> additionalLines) {
        this.additionalLines = additionalLines;
    }

    @TaskAction
    public void concatFiles() throws IOException {
        if (getHeaderLine() != null) {
            Files.write(getTarget().toPath(), (getHeaderLine() + '\n').getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        }

        // To remove duplicate lines

  }

  @Test
  fun streamingPartHasNoLength() {
    class StreamingBody(
      private val body: String,
    ) : RequestBody() {
      override fun contentType(): MediaType? = null

      @Throws(IOException::class)
      override fun writeTo(sink: BufferedSink) {
        sink.writeUtf8(body)
      }
    }

    val expected =
      """
      |--123
      |
      |Quick
      |--123

    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        String expectedMessage = "Expected error";
        try {
            throw new FessSystemException(expectedMessage);
        } catch (FessSystemException e) {
            assertEquals(expectedMessage, e.getMessage());
            assertNull(e.getCause());
        }
    }

    @Test

                } catch (final GeneralSecurityException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeCIFSException("Failed to encrypt password", e);
                }
                this.passwordLength = this.password.length;
            } else if (this.ctx.getConfig().isDisablePlainTextPasswords()) {
                throw new RuntimeCIFSException("Plain text passwords are disabled");
            } else {

    }

    private static <T> T value(T object) {
        if (object == null) {
            String callingMethod = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[2].getMethodName();

            throw new IllegalStateException(
                "Build parameter '"
                    + propertyName(callingMethod)
                    + "' has not been initialized.\n"

    public void test_throwAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing and catching the exception
        int expectedStatusCode = 403;
        String expectedMessage = "Access denied";

        try {
            throw new WebApiException(expectedStatusCode, expectedMessage);
        } catch (WebApiException e) {
            assertEquals(expectedStatusCode, e.getStatusCode());
            assertEquals(expectedMessage, e.getMessage());

                        builder.add(updateRequest);
                    }

                    return builder.execute();
                });
                if (bulkResponse.hasFailures()) {
                    throw new OpenSearchAccessException(bulkResponse.buildFailureMessage());
                }

                final String sid = scrollId;

@NullUnmarked
public class TypeTokenSubtypeTest extends TestCase {

  public void testOwnerTypeSubtypes() throws Exception {
    new OwnerTypeSubtypingTests().testAllDeclarations();
  }

  public void testWildcardSubtypes() throws Exception {
    new WildcardSubtypingTests().testAllDeclarations();
  }

  /**