}
  }

  @LazyInit private transient @Nullable Set<V> valueSet;

  @Override
  public Set<V> values() {
    /*
     * We can almost reuse the inverse's keySet, except we have to fix the
     * iteration order so that it is consistent with the forward map.
     */
    Set<V> result = valueSet;
    return (result == null) ? valueSet = new ValueSet() : result;
  }

  @WeakOuter

==== Abuse randomization in multi-threaded tests

Multi-threaded tests are often not reproducible due to the fact that there is
no guarantee on the order in which operations occur across threads. Adding
randomization to the mix usually makes things worse and should be done with
care.

== Test coverage analysis

Generating test coverage reports for Elasticsearch is currently not possible through Gradle.

    OVERREPORTING_SIZE_LIST = unmodifiableList(new MisleadingSizeList<>(collection123, 1));
  }

  /*
   * c.g.c.collect.testing.Helpers.misleadingSizeList has a broken Iterator, so we can't use it. (I
   * mean, ideally we'd fix it....) Also, we specifically need a List so that we trigger the fast
   * path in join(Iterable).
   */
  private static final class MisleadingSizeList<E extends @Nullable Object>
      extends ForwardingList<E> {

# ボディ - 複数のパラメータ { #body-multiple-parameters }

これまで`Path`と`Query`をどう使うかを見てきましたが、リクエストボディ宣言のより高度な使い方を見てみましょう。

## `Path`、`Query`とボディパラメータを混ぜる { #mix-path-query-and-body-parameters }

まず、もちろん、`Path`と`Query`とリクエストボディのパラメータ宣言は自由に混ぜることができ、 **FastAPI** は何をするべきかを知っています。

また、デフォルトを`None`に設定することで、ボディパラメータをオプションとして宣言することもできます:

{* ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[18:20] *}

/// note | 備考

        /*
         * These classes handle null properly but throw IllegalArgumentException for the default
         * Class argument that this test uses. Normally we'd fix that by declaring a
         * ReflectionFreeAssertThrowsTest with a testNulls method, but that's annoying to have to do
         * for a package-private utility class. So we skip the class entirely instead.
         */

 * {@code String} and a {@code String} to a {@code long} that treat the {@code long} as an unsigned
 * number.
 *
 * <p>Users of these utilities must be <i>extremely careful</i> not to mix up signed and unsigned
 * {@code long} values. When possible, it is recommended that the {@link UnsignedLong} wrapper class
 * be used, at a small efficiency penalty, to enforce the distinction in the type system.
 *

		cause:      err,
	}
}

func errParseCannotMixSqbAndWildcardInSelectList(err error) *s3Error {
	return &s3Error{
		code:       "ParseCannotMixSqbAndWildcardInSelectList",
		message:    "Cannot mix [] and * in the same expression in a SELECT list in SQL expression.",
		statusCode: 400,
		cause:      err,
	}
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//

				"image/vnd.fpx",
				"image/vnd.fst",
				"image/vnd.fujixerox.edmics-mmr",
				"image/vnd.fujixerox.edmics-rlc",
				"image/vnd.globalgraphics.pgb",
				"image/vnd.microsoft.icon",
				"image/vnd.mix",
				"image/vnd.ms-modi",
				"image/vnd.net-fpx",
				"image/vnd.radiance",
				"image/vnd.sealed.png",
				"image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.gif",
				"image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.jpg",

    assertThat(reader.nextPart()).isNull()
  }

  /**
   * Read 100 MiB of 'a' chars. This was really slow due to a performance bug in [MultipartReader],
   * and will be really slow if we regress the fix for that.
   */
  @Test
  fun `reading a large part with small byteCount`() {
    val multipartBody =
      MultipartBody
        .Builder("foo")
        .addPart(

もちろん、攻撃者はこれらを手作業では行わず、プログラムを書いて、1 秒間に数千〜数百万回のテストを行うでしょう。そして 1 回に 1 文字ずつ正しい文字を見つけていきます。

そうすることで、数分から数時間のうちに、攻撃者は私たちのアプリケーションの「助け」（応答にかかった時間）だけを利用して、正しいユーザー名とパスワードを推測できてしまいます。

#### `secrets.compare_digest()` で対策 { #fix-it-with-secrets-compare-digest }

しかし、私たちのコードでは実際に `secrets.compare_digest()` を使用しています。

要するに、`stanleyjobsox` と `stanleyjobson` を比較するのにかかる時間は、`johndoe` と `stanleyjobson` を比較するのにかかる時間と同じになります。パスワードでも同様です。