7. 这里的 `response_model` 使用了 “`Author` 数据类列表” 的类型注解。

   同样，你可以将 `dataclasses` 与标准类型注解组合使用。
8. 注意，这个 *路径操作函数* 使用的是常规的 `def` 而不是 `async def`。

   一如既往，在 FastAPI 中你可以按需组合 `def` 和 `async def`。

   如果需要回顾何时用哪一个，请查看关于 [`async` 和 `await`](../async.md#in-a-hurry) 的文档中的 _“急不可待？”_ 一节。
9. 这个 *路径操作函数* 返回的不是数据类（当然也可以返回数据类），而是包含内部数据的字典列表。

   FastAPI 会使用（包含数据类的）`response_model` 参数来转换响应。

    name: str
    owner: UserDB


class PetOut(BaseModel):
    name: str
    owner: UserBase


@app.post("/users/", response_model=UserBase)
async def create_user(user: UserCreate):
    return user


@app.get("/pets/{pet_id}", response_model=PetOut)
async def read_pet(pet_id: int):
    user = UserDB(
        email="******@****.***",
        hashed_password="secrethashed",
    )

@app.post("/optional-list-str", operation_id="optional_list_str")
async def read_optional_list_str(
    p: Annotated[list[str] | None, Form()] = None,
):
    return {"p": p}


class FormModelOptionalListStr(BaseModel):
    p: list[str] | None = None


@app.post("/model-optional-list-str", operation_id="model_optional_list_str")
async def read_model_optional_list_str(p: Annotated[FormModelOptionalListStr, Form()]):

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from fastapi.websockets import WebSocket

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_main():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


@app.websocket("/ws")
async def websocket(websocket: WebSocket):
    await websocket.accept()
    await websocket.send_json({"msg": "Hello WebSocket"})
    await websocket.close()


def test_read_main():

  TFE_Execute(op, out_value, &num_retvals, status);
  ASSERT_EQ(TF_OK, TF_GetCode(status)) << TF_Message(status);
  TFE_DeleteOp(op);
  TF_DeleteStatus(status);
}

void TestRemoteExecuteChangeServerDef(bool async) {
  tensorflow::ServerDef server_def = GetServerDef(2);

  // This server def has the task index set to 0.
  string serialized = server_def.SerializeAsString();

  server_def.set_task_index(1);

## `Async` ou não, eis a questão { #to-async-or-not-to-async }

Como as dependências também serão chamadas pelo **FastAPI** (da mesma forma que *funções de operação de rota*), as mesmas regras se aplicam ao definir suas funções.

Você pode utilizar `async def` ou apenas `def`.

from fastapi.routing import APIRoute


class ValidationErrorLoggingRoute(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:
        original_route_handler = super().get_route_handler()

        async def custom_route_handler(request: Request) -> Response:
            try:
                return await original_route_handler(request)
            except RequestValidationError as exc:
                body = await request.body()

    ```python
    from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
    from fastapi.security import APIKeyQuery

    app = FastAPI()

    query_scheme = APIKeyQuery(name="api_key")


    @app.get("/items/")
    async def read_items(api_key: str = Depends(query_scheme)):
        return {"api_key": api_key}
    ```
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        name: Annotated[
            str,

            return this.notifyInformation;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isAsync() {
            return this.async;
        }

        public void setAsync(boolean async) {
            this.async = async;
        }

        @Override
        public CommonServerMessageBlockResponse getNextResponse() {
            return this.nextResponse;
        }

# Without aliases


@app.post("/optional-str", operation_id="optional_str")
async def read_optional_str(p: Annotated[str | None, Form()] = None):
    return {"p": p}


class FormModelOptionalStr(BaseModel):
    p: str | None = None


@app.post("/model-optional-str", operation_id="model_optional_str")
async def read_model_optional_str(p: Annotated[FormModelOptionalStr, Form()]):
    return {"p": p.p}