但在我們的程式碼中實際使用的是 `secrets.compare_digest()`。

簡而言之，將 `stanleyjobsox` 與 `stanleyjobson` 比較所花的時間，會與將 `johndoe` 與 `stanleyjobson` 比較所花的時間相同；密碼也一樣。

如此一來，在應用程式程式碼中使用 `secrets.compare_digest()`，就能安全地防禦這整類的安全攻擊。

### 回傳錯誤 { #return-the-error }

在偵測到憑證不正確之後，回傳一個狀態碼為 401 的 `HTTPException`（與未提供憑證時相同），並加上 `WWW-Authenticate` 標頭，讓瀏覽器再次顯示登入提示：

(`node_config_active`) config sources, and a metric indicating whether the node is experiencing a config-related error (`node_config_error`). The config source metrics always report the value `1`, and carry the `node_config_name`, `node_config_uid`, `node_config_resource_version`, and `node_config_kubelet_key labels`, which identify the config version. The error metric reports `1` if there is an error, `0` otherwise. ([#57527](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/57527), [@mtaufen](https://github.com/mtaufen))...

     * Creates a Type-1 message using the given raw Type-1 material.
     *
     * @param material
     *            The raw Type-1 material used to construct this message.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an error occurs while parsing the material.
     */
    public Type1Message(final byte[] material) throws IOException {
        parse(material);
    }

    /**

{* ../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[14,16] *}

If an exception occurs, the`Request` instance will still be in scope, so we can read and make use of the request body when handling the error:

{* ../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[17:19] *}

## Custom `APIRoute` class in a router { #custom-apiroute-class-in-a-router }

limits the impact of these use-after-free bugs by preventing reuse of freed
memory regions until the garbage collector is able to determine that it is
safe. Typically, a use-after-free bug will result in a fault and a helpful
error message, but this package reserves the right to not force a fault on
freed memory. That means a valid implementation of this package is to just
allocate all memory the way the runtime normally would, and in fact, it

                    if (channel.getTransport() != null) {
                        channel.getTransport().disconnect(true);
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.warn("Error closing channel {}: {}", channel.getChannelId(), e.getMessage());
                }
            }
            log.info("Removed {} channels for session {}", channelGroup.getChannelCount(), sessionId);
        }
    }

        SMB1SigningDigest digest = new SMB1SigningDigest(mockTransport, mockAuth);
        assertNotNull(digest);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test constructor with transport throws SmbException on error")
    void testConstructorWithTransportThrowsException() throws Exception {
        when(mockTransport.getContext()).thenReturn(mockContext);
        when(mockContext.getConfig()).thenReturn(mockConfig);

 * bytes in length.
 *
 * The cache stores its data in a directory on the filesystem. This directory must be exclusive to
 * the cache; the cache may delete or overwrite files from its directory. It is an error for
 * multiple processes to use the same cache directory at the same time.
 *
 * This cache limits the number of bytes that it will store on the filesystem. When the number of

     * @param token the input token bytes
     * @param offset offset into the token array
     * @param len length of token data
     * @return the output token bytes
     * @throws SmbException if an error occurs during context initialization
     */
    public byte[] initSecContext(byte[] token, final int offset, final int len) throws SmbException {
        switch (state) {
        case 1:

        try {
            updateRepositoryMetadata(localRepository, remoteRepository);
        } catch (IOException | XMLStreamException e) {
            throw new RepositoryMetadataStoreException("Error updating group repository metadata", e);
        }
    }

    protected void updateRepositoryMetadata(ArtifactRepository localRepository, ArtifactRepository remoteRepository)