* O **FastAPI** adiciona aqui a referência dos esquemas JSON globais que estão localizados em outro lugar, ao invés de incluí-lo diretamente. Deste modo, outras aplicações e clientes podem utilizar estes esquemas JSON diretamente, fornecer melhores ferramentas de geração de código, etc.

///

O retorno gerado no OpenAPI para esta *operação de rota* será:

```JSON hl_lines="3-12"
{

  /** Returns this address's certificate pinner, or null if this is not an HTTPS address. */
  @get:JvmName("certificatePinner") val certificatePinner: CertificatePinner?,
  /** Returns the client's proxy authenticator. */
  @get:JvmName("proxyAuthenticator") val proxyAuthenticator: Authenticator,
  /**
   * Returns this address's explicitly-specified HTTP proxy, or null to delegate to the

### Required, can be `None` { #required-can-be-none }

You can declare that a parameter can accept `None`, but that it's still required. This would force clients to send a value, even if the value is `None`.

To do that, you can declare that `None` is a valid type but simply do not declare a default value:

    HTTP/1.1. We also reimplemented our websocket client to use this new mechanism.

 *  New: The `okhttp-zstd` module negotiates [Zstandard (zstd)][zstd] compression with servers that
    support it. It integrates a new (unstable) [ZSTD-KMP] library, also from Square. Enable it like
    this:

    ```kotlin
    val client = OkHttpClient.Builder()
      .addInterceptor(CompressionInterceptor(Zstd, Gzip))

## Resumen { #recap }

Ahora puedes obtener el usuario actual directamente en tu *path operation function*.

Ya estamos a mitad de camino.

Solo necesitamos agregar una *path operation* para que el usuario/cliente envíe realmente el `username` y `password`.

# Archivos de Request { #request-files }

Puedes definir archivos que serán subidos por el cliente utilizando `File`.

/// info | Información

Para recibir archivos subidos, primero instala <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

Asegúrate de crear un [entorno virtual](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activarlo y luego instalarlo, por ejemplo:

```console

import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.AuthorizationCodeRequestUrl;
import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.AuthorizationCodeTokenRequest;
import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.TokenResponse;
import com.google.api.client.http.GenericUrl;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;

/// tip | 提示

实际上，OAuth2 规范*要求* `grant_type` 字段使用固定值 `password`，但 `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm` 没有作强制约束。

如需强制使用固定值 `password`，则不要用 `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm`，而是用 `OAuth2PasswordRequestFormStrict`。

///

* 可选的 `client_id`（本例未使用）
* 可选的 `client_secret`（本例未使用）

/// info | 说明

`OAuth2PasswordRequestForm` 与 `OAuth2PasswordBearer` 一样，都不是 FastAPI 的特殊类。

**FastAPI** 把 `OAuth2PasswordBearer` 识别为安全方案。因此，可以通过这种方式把它添加至 OpenAPI。

 * Provides common functionality for handling initialization parameters,
 * content length checks, and default method implementations.
 * It defines the basic structure and configuration options for crawler clients.
 */
public abstract class AbstractCrawlerClient implements CrawlerClient {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(AbstractCrawlerClient.class);

/// tip | Tipp

Bedenken Sie, dass JSON nur `str` als Schlüssel unterstützt.

Aber Pydantic hat automatische Datenkonvertierung.

Das bedeutet, dass Ihre API-Clients nur Strings senden können, aber solange diese Strings nur Zahlen enthalten, wird Pydantic sie konvertieren und validieren.

Und das `dict`, welches Sie als `weights` erhalten, wird `int`-Schlüssel und `float`-Werte haben.