* those classes explore numerous corner cases. The intent here is to confirm that everything is
 * wired up properly.
 *
 * @author Craig Berry
 */
@NullUnmarked
public final class HostSpecifierTest extends TestCase {

  private static final ImmutableList<String> GOOD_IPS =
      ImmutableList.of("1.2.3.4", "2001:db8::1", "[2001:db8::1]");

  private static final ImmutableList<String> BAD_IPS =

            RepositorySystem repositorySystem;
            try {
                repositorySystem = container.lookup(RepositorySystem.class);
            } catch (ComponentLookupException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to lookup " + RepositorySystem.class.getName());
            }

            if (mirrors) {
                repositorySystem.injectMirror(session, repositories);
            }

        NameServicePacket.writeInt2(NameServicePacket.IN, src, 12); // Mock class

        when(mockQuestionName.readWireFormat(any(byte[].class), anyInt())).thenReturn(10); // Mock name length

        int read = packet.readQuestionSectionWireFormat(src, 0);
        assertEquals(14, read); // 10 (name) + 2 (type) + 2 (class)
        verify(mockQuestionName).readWireFormat(src, 0);

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: list = []


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

from typing import Annotated, Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Header
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class CommonHeaders(BaseModel):
    model_config = {"extra": "forbid"}

    host: str
    save_data: bool
    if_modified_since: Union[str, None] = None
    traceparent: Union[str, None] = None
    x_tag: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")

/**
 * Test class for Lmhosts
 */
class LmhostsTest {

    private Lmhosts lmhosts;
    private CIFSContext mockContext;
    private Configuration mockConfig;

    @TempDir
    Path tempDir;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        lmhosts = new Lmhosts();
        mockContext = mock(CIFSContext.class);
        mockConfig = mock(Configuration.class);

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install "fastapi[all]"
---> 100%
```

</div>

### Create the `Settings` object { #create-the-settings-object }

Import `BaseSettings` from Pydantic and create a sub-class, very much like with a Pydantic model.

The same way as with Pydantic models, you declare class attributes with type annotations, and possibly default values.

    when(backingMap.putIfAbsent(eq(KEY), isA(AtomicInteger.class))).thenReturn(existingZero);
    // since the putIfAbsent returned a zero, we'll try to replace...
    when(backingMap.replace(eq(KEY), eq(existingZero), isA(AtomicInteger.class))).thenReturn(false);
    // ...and then putIfAbsent. Simulate failure on both
    when(backingMap.putIfAbsent(eq(KEY), isA(AtomicInteger.class))).thenReturn(existing);

    // next map.get()

                    .forEach(k -> System.setProperty(k.getKey(), k.getValue()));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets up Guice class loading mode to CHILD, if not already set.
     * Default Guice class loading mode uses a terminally deprecated JDK memory-access classes.
     */
    protected void setupGuiceClassLoading(C context) {

JWT トークンを使って遊んでみたいという方は、<a href="https://jwt.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://jwt.io</a> をチェックしてください。

## `python-jose` のインストール

PythonでJWTトークンの生成と検証を行うために、`python-jose`をインストールする必要があります：

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install python-jose[cryptography]

---> 100%
```

</div>