# レスポンスを直接返す

**FastAPI** の *path operation* では、通常は任意のデータを返すことができます: 例えば、 `dict`、`list`、Pydanticモデル、データベースモデルなどです。

デフォルトでは、**FastAPI** は [JSON互換エンコーダ](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank} で説明されている `jsonable_encoder` により、返す値を自動的にJSONに変換します。

このとき背後では、JSON互換なデータ (例えば`dict`) を、クライアントへ送信されるレスポンスとして利用される `JSONResponse` の中に含めます。

しかし、*path operation* から `JSONResponse` を直接返すこともできます。

これは例えば、カスタムヘッダーやcookieを返すときに便利です。

## `Response` を返す

Similarly, you cannot redefine a path operation:

```Python hl_lines="6  11"
{!../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial003b.py!}
```

The first one will always be used since the path matches first.

## Predefined values

Esse parâmetro não cria um endpoint / *path operation*, mas declara que a URL `/token` vai ser aquela que o client deve usar para obter o token. Essa informação é usada no OpenAPI, e depois na API Interativa de documentação de sistemas.

Em breve também criaremos o atual path operation.

/// info | "informação"



///

   * An object that holds the final result of an asynchronous {@link ClosingFuture} operation and
   * allows the user to close all the closeable objects that were captured during it for later
   * closing.
   *
   * <p>The asynchronous operation will have completed before this object is created.
   *
   * @param <V> the type of the value of a successful operation
   * @see ClosingFuture#finishToValueAndCloser(ValueAndCloserConsumer, Executor)

# Background Tasks - `BackgroundTasks`

You can declare a parameter in a *path operation function* or dependency function with the type `BackgroundTasks`, and then you can use it to schedule the execution of background tasks after the response is sent.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import BackgroundTasks
```

|      16 |                 2 |          16 |                       4 |                             4 |                              4 |

If one or more drives are offline at the start of a PutObject or NewMultipartUpload operation the object will have additional data
protection bits added automatically to provide the regular safety for these objects up to 50% of the number of drives.

| *Type*     | *String* |
| *Required* | *Yes*    |

### DurationSeconds

The duration, in seconds. The value can range from 900 seconds (15 minutes) up to 365 days. If value is higher than this setting, then operation fails. By default, the value is set to 3600 seconds. If no *DurationSeconds* is specified expiry seconds is obtained from *Token*.

| Params        | Value                                              |

     * @param flags
     *            Flags that control the behavior of the operation. When all
     *            name associated with SIDs will be required, the SID_FLAG_RESOLVE_SIDS
     *            flag should be used which causes all group member SIDs to be resolved
     *            together in a single more efficient operation.
     * @return a map of group SID to member SIDs
     * @throws CIFSException
     */

 * This interface extends the general InvokerRequest, specializing it for encryption-related operations.
 *
 * <p>An EncryptInvokerRequest encapsulates all the necessary information needed to perform
 * an encryption operation, including any encryption-specific options defined in EncryptOptions.</p>
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental
public interface EncryptInvokerRequest extends InvokerRequest<EncryptOptions> {

# `Request` class

You can declare a parameter in a *path operation function* or dependency to be of type `Request` and then you can access the raw request object directly, without any validation, etc.

You can import it directly from `fastapi`:

```python
from fastapi import Request
```

/// tip