from typing import Annotated, Literal

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field

app = FastAPI()


class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    model_config = {"extra": "forbid"}

    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")

from typing import Annotated, Literal

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field

app = FastAPI()


class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    model_config = {"extra": "forbid"}

    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")

        int limit = pos + random.nextInt(value.length - pos + 1);
        for (PrimitiveSink sink : sinks) {
          ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(value);
          Java8Compatibility.position(buffer, pos);
          Java8Compatibility.limit(buffer, limit);
          sink.putBytes(buffer);
          assertEquals(limit, buffer.limit());
          assertEquals(limit, buffer.position());
        }
      }

    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Iterators.limit(list.iterator(), -1));

    assertFalse(Iterators.limit(list.iterator(), 0).hasNext());
    assertFalse(Iterators.limit(list.iterator(), 1).hasNext());

    list.add("cool");
    assertFalse(Iterators.limit(list.iterator(), 0).hasNext());
    assertEquals(list, newArrayList(Iterators.limit(list.iterator(), 1)));

                encKey, decKey, sessionKey, preauthHash);

        // When - Set very low rotation limits to trigger rotation
        context.setKeyRotationBytesLimit(100); // Rotate after 100 bytes

        // Encrypt first message - should work
        byte[] plaintext1 = "Message before rotation".getBytes();

- Thread-local storage via `CrawlingParameterUtil`

**Resource Management**:
- `AutoCloseable` throughout
- `DeferredFileOutputStream` for large responses (temp files for >1MB)
- Connection pooling with limits
- Background temp file deletion via `FileUtil.deleteInBackground()`

**Fault Tolerance**:
- `FaultTolerantClient` wrapper (retry, circuit breaker)
- Graceful degradation (e.g., robots.txt parsing continues on errors)

Usar `UploadFile` tiene varias ventajas sobre `bytes`:

* No tienes que usar `File()` en el valor por defecto del parámetro.
* Usa un archivo "spooled":
    * Un archivo almacenado en memoria hasta un límite de tamaño máximo, y después de superar este límite, se almacenará en el disco.
* Esto significa que funcionará bien para archivos grandes como imágenes, videos, binarios grandes, etc. sin consumir toda la memoria.
* Puedes obtener metadatos del archivo subido.

import java.lang.annotation.Target;

import org.codelibs.core.lang.StringUtil;

import jakarta.validation.Constraint;
import jakarta.validation.Payload;

/**
 * Validation constraint for custom size limits based on configuration keys.
 */
@Target({ METHOD, FIELD, ANNOTATION_TYPE, CONSTRUCTOR, PARAMETER })
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Constraint(validatedBy = CustomSizeValidator.class)
public @interface CustomSize {

        final ExtractData extractData = jsonExtractor.getText(in, null);
        CloseableUtil.closeQuietly(in);

        final String content = extractData.getContent();
        logger.info("Limited depth content: " + content);

        // With depth 1, nested content should not be deeply processed
        assertNotNull(content);
    }

            assertTrue("Error message should mention file size", e.getMessage().contains("File too large"));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Test readBytes with file within size limit
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testReadBytes_NormalFile() throws Exception {
        final File normalFile = tempFolder.newFile("normal.txt");