the copyright owner that is granting the License.

      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or

      the copyright owner that is granting the License.

      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or

      the copyright owner that is granting the License.

      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or

      the copyright owner that is granting the License.

      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or

* Validerà che esiste un `item_id` nel percorso delle richieste `GET` e `PUT`.
* Validerà che `item_id` sia di tipo `int` per le richieste `GET` e `PUT`.
    * Se non lo è, il client vedrà un errore chiaro e utile.
* Controllerà se ci sia un parametro opzionale chiamato `q` (per esempio `http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?q=somequery`) per le richieste `GET`.
    * Siccome il parametro `q` è dichiarato con `= None`, è opzionale.

* Nginx
    * Mit einer externen Komponente wie Certbot für Zertifikat-Erneuerungen
* HAProxy
    * Mit einer externen Komponente wie Certbot für Zertifikat-Erneuerungen
* Kubernetes mit einem Ingress Controller wie Nginx
    * Mit einer externen Komponente wie cert-manager für Zertifikat-Erneuerungen
* Es wird intern von einem Cloud-Anbieter als Teil seiner Dienste verwaltet (siehe unten 👇)

### HTTPS 示例工具

您可以用作 TLS 终止代理的一些工具包括：

* Traefik
     * 自动处理证书更新 ✨
* Caddy
     * 自动处理证书更新 ✨
* Nginx
     * 使用 Certbot 等外部组件进行证书更新
* HAProxy
     * 使用 Certbot 等外部组件进行证书更新
* 带有 Ingress Controller(如Nginx) 的 Kubernetes
     * 使用诸如 cert-manager 之类的外部组件来进行证书更新
* 由云服务商内部处理，作为其服务的一部分（请阅读下文👇）

另一种选择是您可以使用**云服务**来完成更多工作，包括设置 HTTPS。 它可能有一些限制或向您收取更多费用等。但在这种情况下，您不必自己设置 TLS 终止代理。

我将在接下来的章节中向您展示一些具体示例。

---

Bir veri doğrulama sistemi olmazsa bütün bu kontrolleri koda dökerek kendiniz yapmak zorunda kalırdınız.

Marshmallow bu özellikleri sağlamak için geliştirilmişti. Benim de geçmişte oldukça sık kullandığım harika bir kütüphanedir.

* Nginx
    * With an external component like Certbot for certificate renewals
* HAProxy
    * With an external component like Certbot for certificate renewals
* Kubernetes with an Ingress Controller like Nginx
    * With an external component like cert-manager for certificate renewals
* Handled internally by a cloud provider as part of their services (read below 👇)

    assertEquals("b", cache.getUnchecked("b"));
  }

  // "Basher tests", where we throw a bunch of stuff at a LoadingCache and check basic invariants.

  /**
   * This is a less carefully-controlled version of {@link #testRemovalNotification_clear} - this is
   * a black-box test that tries to create lots of different thread-interleavings, and asserts that