cases section below.

To access a struct, union, or enum type directly, prefix it with
struct_, union_, or enum_, as in C.struct_stat. The size of any C type
T is available as C.sizeof_T, as in C.sizeof_struct_stat. These
special prefixes means that there is no way to directly reference a C
identifier that starts with "struct_", "union_", "enum_", or
"sizeof_", such as a function named "struct_function".

Hier sind einige zusätzliche Ideen, die beim Arbeiten mit Python-Typen nützlich sein könnten.

## `Union` oder `Optional` verwenden { #using-union-or-optional }

Wenn Ihr Code aus irgendeinem Grund nicht `|` verwenden kann, z. B. wenn es nicht in einer Typannotation ist, sondern in etwas wie `response_model=`, können Sie anstelle des senkrechten Strichs (`|`) `Union` aus `typing` verwenden.

## Utiliser `Union` ou `Optional` { #using-union-or-optional }

Si votre code ne peut pas utiliser `|` pour une raison quelconque, par exemple si ce n'est pas dans une annotation de type mais dans quelque chose comme `response_model=`, au lieu d'utiliser la barre verticale (`|`) vous pouvez utiliser `Union` de `typing`.

///

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003_py310.py hl[1,14:15,18:20,33] *}

### `Union` in Python 3.10 { #union-in-python-3-10 }

## Usando `Union` ou `Optional` { #using-union-or-optional }

Se, por algum motivo, seu código não puder usar `|`, por exemplo, se não for em uma anotação de tipo, mas em algo como `response_model=`, em vez de usar a barra vertical (`|`) você pode usar `Union` do `typing`.

Por exemplo, você poderia declarar que algo pode ser `str` ou `None`:

```python
from typing import Union


def say_hi(name: Union[str, None]):

## Using `Union` or `Optional` { #using-union-or-optional }

If your code for some reason can't use `|`, for example if it's not in a type annotation but in something like `response_model=`, instead of using the vertical bar (`|`) you can use `Union` from `typing`.

For example, you could declare that something could be a `str` or `None`:

```python
from typing import Union


def say_hi(name: Union[str, None]):

///

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003_py310.py hl[1,14:15,18:20,33] *}

### `Union` en Python 3.10 { #union-in-python-3-10 }

///

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003_py310.py hl[1,14:15,18:20,33] *}

### `Union` en Python 3.10 { #union-in-python-3-10 }

///

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003_py310.py hl[1,14:15,18:20,33] *}

### `Union` у Python 3.10 { #union-in-python-3-10 }

У цьому прикладі ми передаємо `Union[PlaneItem, CarItem]` як значення аргументу `response_model`.

## `Union` 或 `anyOf` { #union-or-anyof }

响应可以声明为两个或多个类型的 `Union`，即该响应可以是这些类型中的任意一种。

在 OpenAPI 中会用 `anyOf` 表示。

为此，请使用 Python 标准类型提示 [`typing.Union`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union)：

/// note | 注意