val toVerify = result[result.size - 1] as X509Certificate

      // If this cert has been signed by a trusted cert, use that. Add the trusted certificate to
      // the end of the chain unless it's already present. (That would happen if the first
      // certificate in the chain is itself a self-signed and trusted CA certificate.)
      val trustedCert = trustRootIndex.findByIssuerAndSignature(toVerify)

* A certificate signed by a CA contains information about the issued identity (e.g. name, expiry, public key) and any intermediate certificates. The root CA is not included.

## 3. Generate and use Self-signed Keys and Certificates with MinIO

This section describes how to generate a self-signed certificate using various tools:

* 3.1 [Use certgen to Generate a Certificate](#using-go)

     * self-signed.
     */
    fun signedBy(signedBy: HeldCertificate?) =
      apply {
        this.signedBy = signedBy
      }

    /**
     * Set this certificate to be a signing certificate, with up to `maxIntermediateCas`
     * intermediate signing certificates beneath it.
     *
     * By default this certificate cannot not sign other certificates. Set this to 0 so this

		{
			authT: authTypePresigned,
			pass:  true,
		},
		// Test 3 - supported s3 type signed.
		{
			authT: authTypeSigned,
			pass:  true,
		},
		// Test 4 - supported s3 type with post policy.
		{
			authT: authTypePostPolicy,
			pass:  true,
		},
		// Test 5 - supported s3 type with streaming signed.
		{
			authT: authTypeStreamingSigned,
			pass:  true,
		},

		return "", ErrMissingSignTag
	}
	if signFields[1] == "" {
		return "", ErrMissingFields
	}
	signature := signFields[1]
	return signature, ErrNone
}

// Parse slice of signed headers from signed headers tag.
func parseSignedHeader(signedHdrElement string) ([]string, APIErrorCode) {
	signedHdrFields := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(signedHdrElement), "=")
	if len(signedHdrFields) != 2 {

For testing purposes, here is [how to create self-signed certificates](https://github.com/minio/minio/tree/master/docs/tls#3-generate-self-signed-certificates).

## 2. Create Kubernetes secret

[Kubernetes secrets](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret) are intended to hold sensitive information.

)

// http Header "x-amz-content-sha256" == "UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD" indicates that the
// client did not calculate sha256 of the payload.
const unsignedPayload = "UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD"

// http Header "x-amz-content-sha256" == "STREAMING-UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD-TRAILER" indicates that the
// client did not calculate sha256 of the payload and there is a trailer.
const unsignedPayloadTrailer = "STREAMING-UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD-TRAILER"

   * longs, that is, {@code a <= b} as unsigned longs if and only if {@code flip(a) <= flip(b)} as
   * signed longs.
   */
  private static long flip(long a) {
    return a ^ Long.MIN_VALUE;
  }

  /**
   * Compares the two specified {@code long} values, treating them as unsigned values between {@code
   * 0} and {@code 2^64 - 1} inclusive.
   *

	}

	// Since the list of signed headers value contained `expect`, the default value of `100-continue` will be added to extracted signed headers.
	if extractedExpect != expectedExpect {
		t.Errorf("expect header incorrect value: expected `%s`, got `%s`", expectedExpect, extractedExpect)
	}

	// case where the headers don't contain the one of the signed header in the signed headers list.

		}

		// Verify response the V2 signed HTTP request.
		// initialize HTTP NewRecorder, this records any mutations to response writer inside the handler.
		recV2 := httptest.NewRecorder()
		// construct HTTP request for PUT bucket policy endpoint.

		// verify response for V2 signed HTTP request.