def _annotation_is_complex(annotation: Union[type[Any], None]) -> bool:
    return (
        lenient_issubclass(annotation, (BaseModel, Mapping, UploadFile))
        or _annotation_is_sequence(annotation)
        or is_dataclass(annotation)
    )


def field_annotation_is_complex(annotation: Union[type[Any], None]) -> bool:
    origin = get_origin(annotation)
    if origin is Union or origin is UnionType:

    assertMinSize(union(emptySet(), emptySet()), 0);
    assertMinSize(union(setSize(2), setSize(3)), 3);
    assertMinSize(union(setSize(3), setSize(2)), 3);
    assertMinSize(union(setSizeRange(10, 20), setSizeRange(11, 12)), 11);
    assertMinSize(union(setSizeRange(11, 12), setSizeRange(10, 20)), 11);
  }

  public void testUnion_maxSize() {
    assertMaxSize(union(emptySet(), emptySet()), 0);

from fastapi import FastAPI, Path
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int = Path(title="The ID of the item to get", ge=0, le=1000),
    q: Union[str, None] = None,

from typing import Annotated, Union

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,

            main_dict[key] = main_dict[key] + update_dict[key]
        else:
            main_dict[key] = value


def get_value_or_default(
    first_item: Union[DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType],
    *extra_items: Union[DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType],
) -> Union[DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType]:
    """
    Pass items or `DefaultPlaceholder`s by descending priority.

from typing import Annotated, Union

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(

			targetIDs = targetIDs.Union(targetIDSet)
		}
	}

	return targetIDs
}

// Clone - returns copy of this rules.
func (rules Rules) Clone() Rules {
	rulesCopy := make(Rules)

	for pattern, targetIDSet := range rules {
		rulesCopy[pattern] = targetIDSet.Clone()
	}

	return rulesCopy
}

// Union - returns union with given rules as new rules.

## `Union` or `anyOf` { #union-or-anyof }

You can declare a response to be the `Union` of two or more types, that means, that the response would be any of them.

It will be defined in OpenAPI with `anyOf`.

To do that, use the standard Python type hint <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>:

/// note

}


class Token(BaseModel):
    access_token: str
    token_type: str


class TokenData(BaseModel):
    username: Union[str, None] = None


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: Union[str, None] = None
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None


class UserInDB(User):
    hashed_password: str


password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()

from typing import Annotated, Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Path
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    item_id: Annotated[int, Path(title="The ID of the item to get", ge=0, le=1000)],
    q: Union[str, None] = None,