from fastapi.exceptions import RequestValidationError
from fastapi.responses import PlainTextResponse
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException

app = FastAPI()


@app.exception_handler(StarletteHTTPException)
async def http_exception_handler(request, exc):
    return PlainTextResponse(str(exc.detail), status_code=exc.status_code)


@app.exception_handler(RequestValidationError)

from fastapi.responses import PlainTextResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.advanced_middleware.tutorial003 import app


@app.get("/large")
async def large():
    return PlainTextResponse("x" * 4000, status_code=200)


client = TestClient(app)


def test_middleware():
    response = client.get("/large", headers={"accept-encoding": "gzip"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

@app.get("/")
def get_root():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


@app.get("/override", response_class=PlainTextResponse)
def get_path_override():
    return "Hello World"


@router_a.get("/")
def get_a():
    return {"msg": "Hello A"}


@router_a.get("/override", response_class=PlainTextResponse)
def get_a_path_override():
    return "Hello A"


@router_a_a.get("/")
def get_a_a():

You can import them directly from `fastapi.responses`:

```python
from fastapi.responses import (
    FileResponse,
    HTMLResponse,
    JSONResponse,
    ORJSONResponse,
    PlainTextResponse,
    RedirectResponse,
    Response,
    StreamingResponse,
    UJSONResponse,
)
```

## FastAPI Responses

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import PlainTextResponse

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/", response_class=PlainTextResponse)
async def main():

@app.get("/")
def get_root():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


@app.get("/override", response_class=PlainTextResponse)
def get_path_override():
    return "Hello World"


@router_a.get("/")
def get_a():
    return {"msg": "Hello A"}


@router_a.get("/override", response_class=PlainTextResponse)
def get_a_path_override():
    return "Hello A"


@router_a_a.get("/")
def get_a_a():

from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse as HTMLResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import JSONResponse as JSONResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import PlainTextResponse as PlainTextResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import RedirectResponse as RedirectResponse  # noqa
from starlette.responses import Response as Response  # noqa

🖼, 👆 💪 💚 📨 ✅ ✍ 📨 ↩️ 🎻 👫 ❌:

```Python hl_lines="3-4  9-11  22"
{!../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial004.py!}
```

/// note | "📡 ℹ"

👆 💪 ⚙️ `from starlette.responses import PlainTextResponse`.

**FastAPI** 🚚 🎏 `starlette.responses` `fastapi.responses` 🏪 👆, 👩‍💻. ✋️ 🌅 💪 📨 👟 🔗 ⚪️➡️ 💃.

///

### ⚙️ `RequestValidationError` 💪

`RequestValidationError` 🔌 `body` ⚫️ 📨 ⏮️ ❌ 💽.

```Python hl_lines="1  18"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

### `HTMLResponse`

✊ ✍ ⚖️ 🔢 & 📨 🕸 📨, 👆 ✍ 🔛.

### `PlainTextResponse`

✊ ✍ ⚖️ 🔢 & 📨 ✅ ✍ 📨.

```Python hl_lines="2  7  9"
{!../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial005.py!}
```

### `JSONResponse`

✊ 💽 & 📨 `application/json` 🗜 📨.

```Python hl_lines="1  18"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py!}
```

### `HTMLResponse`

上で読んだように、テキストやバイトを受け取り、HTMLレスポンスを返します。

### `PlainTextResponse`

テキストやバイトを受け取り、プレーンテキストのレスポンスを返します。

```Python hl_lines="2  7  9"
{!../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial005.py!}
```

### `JSONResponse`