* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  public CacheBuilder<K, V> maximumSize(long maximumSize) {
    checkState(
        this.maximumSize == UNSET_INT, "maximum size was already set to %s", this.maximumSize);
    checkState(
        this.maximumWeight == UNSET_INT,
        "maximum weight was already set to %s",
        this.maximumWeight);
    checkState(this.weigher == null, "maximum size can not be combined with weigher");

    //                                                                         ===========
    public UserCB acceptPK(String id) {
        assertObjectNotNull("id", id);
        BsUserCB cb = this;
        cb.query().docMeta().setId_Equal(id);
        return (UserCB) this;
    }

    @Override
    public void acceptPrimaryKeyMap(Map<String, ? extends Object> primaryKeyMap) {
        acceptPK((String) primaryKeyMap.get("_id"));
    }

      }
    };

    final long callId;
    final long callStartNanos;

    PrintingEventListener(long callId, long callStartNanos) {
      this.callId = callId;
      this.callStartNanos = callStartNanos;
    }

    private void printEvent(String name) {
      long elapsedNanos = System.nanoTime() - callStartNanos;

 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

For example:

```Python
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareA)
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareB)
```

This results in the following execution order:

* **Request**: MiddlewareB → MiddlewareA → route

* **Response**: route → MiddlewareA → MiddlewareB

This stacking behavior ensures that middlewares are executed in a predictable and controllable order.

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }