## 使用`jsonable_encoder`

让我们假设你有一个数据库名为`fake_db`，它只能接收与JSON兼容的数据。

例如，它不接收`datetime`这类的对象，因为这些对象与JSON不兼容。

因此，`datetime`对象必须将转换为包含<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" class="external-link" target="_blank">ISO格式化</a>的`str`类型对象。

同样，这个数据库也不会接收Pydantic模型（带有属性的对象），而只接收`dict`。

对此你可以使用`jsonable_encoder`。

它接收一个对象，比如Pydantic模型，并会返回一个JSON兼容的版本：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

Thanks to <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.

It is based on <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, which in turn is designed based on Requests, so it's very familiar and intuitive.

With it, you can use <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a> directly with **FastAPI**.

Qualquer função que possa ser utilizada com:

* <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextlib.html#contextlib.contextmanager" class="external-link" target="_blank">`@contextlib.contextmanager`</a> ou
* <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextlib.html#contextlib.asynccontextmanager" class="external-link" target="_blank">`@contextlib.asynccontextmanager`</a>

pode ser utilizada como uma dependência do **FastAPI**.

## `jsonable_encoder` 사용

JSON 호환 가능 데이터만 수신하는 `fake_db` 데이터베이스가 존재한다고 가정하겠습니다.

예를 들면, `datetime` 객체는 JSON과 호환되는 데이터가 아니므로 이 데이터는 받아들여지지 않습니다.

따라서 `datetime` 객체는 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" class="external-link" target="_blank">ISO format</a> 데이터를 포함하는 `str`로 변환되어야 합니다.

같은 방식으로 이 데이터베이스는 Pydantic 모델(속성이 있는 객체)을 받지 않고, `dict` 만을 받습니다.

이를 위해 `jsonable_encoder` 를 사용할 수 있습니다.

Pydantic 모델과 같은 객체를 받고 JSON 호환 가능한 버전으로 반환합니다:

# The base path of dex and the external name of the OpenID Connect service.
# This is the canonical URL that all clients MUST use to refer to dex. If a
# path is provided, dex's HTTP service will listen at a non-root URL.
issuer: http://127.0.0.1:5556/dex

# The storage configuration determines where dex stores its state. Supported
# options include SQL flavors and Kubernetes third party resources.
#

上記のスクリーンショットは<a href="https://code.visualstudio.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">Visual Studio Code</a>を撮ったものです。

しかし、<a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyCharm</a>やほとんどのPythonエディタでも同様なエディターサポートを受けられます:

<img src="/img/tutorial/body/image05.png">

/// tip | "豆知識"

import jcifs.smb.NtlmPasswordAuthentication;
import jcifs.smb.SmbAuthException;


/**
 * This servlet may be used with pre-2.3 servlet containers
 * to protect content with NTLM HTTP Authentication. Servlets that
 * extend this abstract base class may be authenticated against an SMB
 * server or domain controller depending on how the
 * <tt>jcifs.smb.client.domain</tt> or <tt>jcifs.http.domainController</tt>

/*
 * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
 * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
 * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
 */

/*
 * Source:
 * http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/jsr166/src/jsr166e/LongAdder.java?revision=1.17
 */

package com.google.common.cache;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.io.IOException;

Quando você precisar receber campos de formulário ao invés de JSON, você pode usar `Form`.

/// info | "Informação"

Para usar formulários, primeiro instale <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

Ex: `pip install python-multipart`.

///

## Importe `Form`

Importe `Form` de `fastapi`:

```Python hl_lines="1"

    matter hereof. If any provision of this License is held to be
    unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent
    necessary to make it enforceable. This License shall be governed by
    the law of the jurisdiction specified in a notice contained within
    the Original Software (except to the extent applicable law, if any,
    provides otherwise), excluding such jurisdiction's conflict-of-law