/** Raw mode capability */
    int CAP_RAW_MODE = 0x0001;
    /** MPX mode capability */
    int CAP_MPX_MODE = 0x0002;
    /** Unicode capability */
    int CAP_UNICODE = 0x0004;
    /** Large files capability */
    int CAP_LARGE_FILES = 0x0008;
    /** NT SMBs capability */
    int CAP_NT_SMBS = 0x0010;
    /** RPC remote APIs capability */
    int CAP_RPC_REMOTE_APIS = 0x0020;

 * particular example can be written as just:
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * ContiguousSet.closed(5, 42)
 * }
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> Be extremely careful what you do with conceptually large instances (such as
 * {@code ContiguousSet.create(Range.greaterThan(0), DiscreteDomain.integers()}). Certain operations
 * on such a set can be performed efficiently, but others (such as {@link Set#hashCode} or {@link

         * than a handful of exceptions. But it seems prudent to set a cap on how many we'll cache.
         * This avoids out-of-control memory consumption, and it keeps the cache from growing so
         * large that doing the lookup is noticeably slower than redoing the work would be.
         *
         * Ideally we'd have a real eviction policy, but until we see a problem in practice, I hope

    bytesIn.writeShort(0xff00) // == Indexed - Add idx = 127
    assertFailsWith<IOException> {
      hpackReader!!.readHeaders()
    }.also { expected ->
      assertThat(expected.message).isEqualTo("Header index too large 127")
    }
  }

  // Example taken from twitter/hpack DecoderTest.testInsidiousIndex
  @Test
  fun readIndexedHeaderFieldInsidiousIndex() {
    bytesIn.writeByte(0xff) // == Indexed - Add ==

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test edge case with maximum buffer index")
    void testReadBytesWireFormatMaxBufferIndex() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[65536]; // Large buffer
        int bufferIndex = 65534; // Near the end

        // Set structure size to 2
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(2, buffer, bufferIndex);

        int result = response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, bufferIndex);

        String result = transCallNamedPipe.toString();

        // Then
        assertNotNull(result);
        assertTrue(result.contains("pipeName=null"));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test with large data")
    void testWithLargeData() {
        // Given
        byte[] largeData = new byte[1000];
        Arrays.fill(largeData, (byte) 0x42);

    assertEquals(c, navigableSet.higher(a));
    assertEquals(c, navigableSet.higher(b));
    assertEquals(null, navigableSet.higher(c));
  }

  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): make "too small" and "too large" elements available for better navigation
   * testing. At that point, we may be able to eliminate the "hole" tests, which would mean that
   * ContiguousSet's tests would no longer need to suppress them.
   */

- `volatile` for status flags
- Synchronized blocks for critical sections
- Thread-local storage via `CrawlingParameterUtil`

**Resource Management**:
- `AutoCloseable` throughout
- `DeferredFileOutputStream` for large responses (temp files for >1MB)
- Connection pooling with limits
- Background temp file deletion via `FileUtil.deleteInBackground()`

**Fault Tolerance**:
- `FaultTolerantClient` wrapper (retry, circuit breaker)

            assertEquals(-1, stream.read()); // Should indicate end of stream
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testMemoryBasedCacheWithLargeData() throws IOException {
        // Create a large byte array (1MB)
        byte[] data = new byte[1024 * 1024];
        for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
            data[i] = (byte) (i % 256);
        }

        ContentCache cache = new ContentCache(data);

/**
 * <p>
 * {@link ESSourceReader} reads documents from Elasticsearch using the scroll API.
 * It implements the {@link DocumentReader} interface to provide a way to iterate over documents
 * in a large index without loading all of them into memory at once.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * The reader supports limiting the number of documents read based on a percentage of the total documents