public void testInvalidIntRange() {
    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ContiguousSet.closed(2, 1));
    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ContiguousSet.closedOpen(2, 1));
  }

  public void testInvalidLongRange() {
    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ContiguousSet.closed(2L, 1L));
    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> ContiguousSet.closedOpen(2L, 1L));
  }

/// check | "확인"

즉, 파이썬 타입 선언을 하면 **FastAPI**는 데이터 검증을 합니다.

오류에는 정확히 어느 지점에서 검증을 통과하지 못했는지 명시됩니다.

이는 API와 상호 작용하는 코드를 개발하고 디버깅하는 데 매우 유용합니다.

///

## 문서화

from typing import Union

from fastapi import Cookie, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


class Cookies(BaseModel):
    class Config:
        extra = "forbid"

    session_id: str
    fatebook_tracker: Union[str, None] = None
    googall_tracker: Union[str, None] = None


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(cookies: Annotated[Cookies, Cookie()]):

import java.util.Set;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * Encapsulates the constraints that a class under test must satisfy in order for a tester method to
 * be run against that class.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class TesterRequirements {
  private final Set<Feature<?>> presentFeatures;
  private final Set<Feature<?>> absentFeatures;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    protected static final Class<?> suppressUnusedImportLocalDateTime = LocalDateTime.class;

    // ===================================================================================
    //                                                                           Attribute

 *
 * <p><strong>This .java file should never be consumed by javac.</strong>
 *
 * @author Hayward Chan
 */
final class Platform {
  // Class.cast is not supported in GWT.
  static void checkCast(Class<?> clazz, Object obj) {}

  static <T> T[] clone(T[] array) {
    return (T[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(array, 0, array.length);
  }

     */
    String getMethodName();

    /**
     * メソッドの引数型の配列を返します。
     *
     * @return メソッドの引数型の配列
     */
    Class<?>[] getParameterTypes();

    /**
     * メソッドの戻り値の型を返します。
     *
     * @param <T>
     *            メソッドの戻り値の型
     * @return メソッドの戻り値の型
     */
    <T> Class<T> getReturnType();

    /**
     * {@literal public}メソッドの場合は{@literal true}を返します。
     *

@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Constraint(validatedBy = CronExpressionValidator.class)
public @interface CronExpression {

    String message() default "{org.lastaflute.validator.constraints.CronExpression.message}";

    Class<?>[] groups() default {};

    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};

 * the {@link Futures#catching(ListenableFuture, Class, com.google.common.base.Function,
 * java.util.concurrent.Executor) Futures.catching} family of methods. Those versions have slightly
 * different signatures.
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
@J2ktIncompatible // Super-sourced
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
abstract class GwtFuturesCatchingSpecialization {
  /*

 * versions of the {@link FluentFuture#catching(Class, com.google.common.base.Function)
 * FluentFuture.catching} family of methods. Those versions have slightly different signatures.
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
@J2ktIncompatible // Super-sourced
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
abstract class GwtFluentFutureCatchingSpecialization<V extends @Nullable Object>
    extends AbstractFuture<V> {