///

## 데이터 검증

하지만 브라우저에서 <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo</a>로 이동하면, HTTP 오류가 잘 뜨는 것을 확인할 수 있습니다:

```JSON
{
    "detail": [
        {
            "loc": [
                "path",
                "item_id"
            ],
            "msg": "value is not a valid integer",
            "type": "type_error.integer"
        }
    ]

But if you go to the browser at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo</a>, you will see a nice HTTP error of:

```JSON
{
  "detail": [
    {
      "type": "int_parsing",
      "loc": [
        "path",
        "item_id"
      ],
      "msg": "Input should be a valid integer, unable to parse string as an integer",
      "input": "foo"
    }

## Validación de datos

Pero si vas al navegador en <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo</a>, verás un bonito error HTTP de:

```JSON
{
  "detail": [
    {
      "type": "int_parsing",
      "loc": [
        "path",
        "item_id"
      ],
      "msg": "Input should be a valid integer, unable to parse string as an integer",
      "input": "foo"
    }

## Validação de dados

Mas se você abrir o seu navegador em <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo</a>, você verá um belo erro HTTP:

```JSON
{
    "detail": [
        {
            "loc": [
                "path",
                "item_id"
            ],
            "msg": "value is not a valid integer",
            "type": "type_error.integer"
        }
    ]

        // Verify it matches original
        assertArrayEquals(originalGuid, returnedGuid, "Returned GUID should match original");

        // Test that the same reference is returned (implementation detail)
        byte[] secondGuid = response.getServerGuid();
        assertSame(returnedGuid, secondGuid, "getServerGuid() returns the same array reference");
    }

    @Test

   * consistently between their order within {@code valuesInExpectedOrder} and the order implied by
   * the given {@code comparator}.
   *
   * <p>In detail, this method asserts
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li><i>reflexivity</i>: {@code comparator.compare(t, t) = 0} for all {@code t} in {@code
   *       valuesInExpectedOrder}; and

## Ringkasan, secara bertahap

### Langkah 1: impor `FastAPI`

{* ../../docs_src/first_steps/tutorial001.py hl[1] *}

`FastAPI` adalah class Python yang menyediakan semua fungsionalitas API anda.

/// note | Detail Teknis

`FastAPI` adalah class turunan langsung dari `Starlette`.

Anda bisa menggunakan semua fungsionalitas <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> dengan `FastAPI` juga.

            context = new EncryptionNegotiateContext(mockConfig, null);

            assertNull(context.getCiphers());
            assertEquals(4, context.size()); // Size returns 4 as base (implementation detail)
        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @DisplayName("Should encode with different cipher counts")
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 2, 5, 10 })
        void testEncodeWithDifferentCipherCounts(int count) {

 [bom]: https://docs.gradle.org/6.2/userguide/platforms.html#sub:bom_import
 [bouncy_castle_releases]: https://www.bouncycastle.org/releasenotes.html
 [CVE-2021-0341]: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0341
 [CVE-2022-24329]: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24329
 [dev_server]: https://github.com/square/okhttp/blob/482f88300f78c3419b04379fc26c3683c10d6a9d/samples/guide/src/main/java/okhttp3/recipes/kt/DevServer.kt

import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Implementation detail for the internal structure of {@link Range} instances. Represents a unique
 * way of "cutting" a "number line" (actually of instances of type {@code C}, not necessarily