/**
 * Helper class for managing duplicate host configurations in the Fess search system.
 * This class handles URL conversion based on duplicate host rules, allowing multiple
 * hostnames or URLs to be treated as equivalent for crawling and indexing purposes.
 * It maintains a list of DuplicateHost rules and applies them to URLs.
 *
 */
public class DuplicateHostHelper {

    // hashcodes from non-overlapping hash computations
    HashCode expected1 = randomHash(hashFunction, new Random(1L), numActions);
    HashCode expected2 = randomHash(hashFunction, new Random(2L), numActions);

    // equivalent, but overlapping, computations (should produce the same results as above)
    Random random1 = new Random(1L);
    Random random2 = new Random(2L);
    Hasher hasher1 = hashFunction.newHasher();

 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 11.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class BigIntegerMath {
  /**
   * Returns the smallest power of two greater than or equal to {@code x}. This is equivalent to
   * {@code BigInteger.valueOf(2).pow(log2(x, CEILING))}.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code x <= 0}
   * @since 20.0
   */
  public static BigInteger ceilingPowerOfTwo(BigInteger x) {

## Valores singulares no corpo { #singular-values-in-body }

Assim como existem uma `Query` e uma `Path` para definir dados adicionais para parâmetros de consulta e de rota, o **FastAPI** provê o equivalente para `Body`.

Por exemplo, extendendo o modelo anterior, você poder decidir por ter uma outra chave `importance` no mesmo corpo, além de `item` e `user`.

    Entry<K, V>[] entries2 = (Entry<K, V>[]) entries;
    return RegularImmutableBiMap.fromEntries(entries2);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new builder. The generated builder is equivalent to the builder created by the {@link
   * Builder} constructor.
   */
  public static <K, V> Builder<K, V> builder() {
    return new Builder<>();
  }

  /**

   * Predicates.instanceOf(ArrayList.class)}, which is inconsistent with equals. (See {@link
   * Iterables#filter(Iterable, Class)} for related functionality.)
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@link java.util.stream.Stream#filter Stream.filter}.
   */
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> Collection<E> filter(
      Collection<E> unfiltered, Predicate<? super E> predicate) {

Pero al revisar benchmarks y comparaciones, debes tener en cuenta lo siguiente.

## Benchmarks y velocidad { #benchmarks-and-speed }

Cuando ves los benchmarks, es común ver varias herramientas de diferentes tipos comparadas como equivalentes.

Específicamente, ver Uvicorn, Starlette y FastAPI comparados juntos (entre muchas otras herramientas).

Vamos imaginar que alguns invasores estão tentando adivinhar o usuário e a senha.

E eles enviam uma requisição com um usuário `johndoe` e uma senha `love123`.

Então o código Python em sua aplicação seria equivalente a algo como:

```Python
if "johndoe" == "stanleyjobson" and "love123" == "swordfish":
    ...
```

     *
     * @return an {@link Optional} containing the boolean value {@code true} if specified, or empty
     */
    @Nonnull
    Optional<Boolean> plugins();

    /**
     * Should apply all upgrade options (equivalent to --model-version 4.1.0 --infer --model --plugins).
     * This is a convenience option that combines model upgrade, inference, compatibility fixes, and plugin upgrades.
     *

 *
 * <p><strong>ReadWriteLocks</strong>
 *
 * <p>While {@code ReadWriteLock} instances have different properties and can form cycles without
 * potential deadlock, this class treats {@code ReadWriteLock} instances as equivalent to
 * traditional exclusive locks. Although this increases the false positives that the locks detect
 * (i.e. cycles that will not actually result in deadlock), it simplifies the algorithm and