///

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

/// warning | "Achtung"

Beachten Sie, dass `Field` direkt von `pydantic` importiert wird, nicht von `fastapi`, wie die anderen (`Query`, `Path`, `Body`, usw.)

///

## Modellattribute deklarieren

Dann können Sie `Field` mit Modellattributen deklarieren:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="11-14"

# Middleware

Você pode adicionar middleware à suas aplicações **FastAPI**.

Um "middleware" é uma função que manipula cada **requisição** antes de ser processada por qualquer *operação de rota* específica. E também cada **resposta** antes de retorná-la.

* Ele pega cada **requisição** que chega ao seu aplicativo.
* Ele pode então fazer algo com essa **requisição** ou executar qualquer código necessário.

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.request_files.tutorial002_an import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_post_form_no_body():
    response = client.post("/files/")
    assert response.status_code == 422, response.text
    assert response.json() == IsDict(
        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "missing",

from datetime import datetime, timezone
from decimal import Decimal
from enum import Enum
from pathlib import PurePath, PurePosixPath, PureWindowsPath
from typing import Optional

import pytest
from fastapi._compat import PYDANTIC_V2, Undefined
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, ValidationError

from .utils import needs_pydanticv1, needs_pydanticv2


class Person:

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.additional_responses.tutorial003 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operation():
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"id": "foo", "value": "there goes my hero"}


def test_path_operation_not_found():
    response = client.get("/items/bar")

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.body_nested_models.tutorial009_py39 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py39
def test_post_body(client: TestClient):
    data = {"2": 2.2, "3": 3.3}
    response = client.post("/index-weights/", json=data)

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.dataclasses.tutorial003 import app

from ...utils import needs_pydanticv1, needs_pydanticv2

client = TestClient(app)


def test_post_authors_item():
    response = client.post(
        "/authors/foo/items/",
        json=[{"name": "Bar"}, {"name": "Baz", "description": "Drop the Baz"}],
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.dependencies.tutorial008b_an_py39 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py39
def test_get_no_item(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text

import pytest
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIError

from ...utils import needs_py310


@needs_py310
def test_invalid_response_model():
    with pytest.raises(FastAPIError):
        from docs_src.response_model.tutorial003_04_py310 import app

# 🌐 🔗

🆎 🈸 👆 💪 💚 🚮 🔗 🎂 🈸.

🎏 🌌 👆 💪 [🚮 `dependencies` *➡ 🛠️ 👨‍🎨*](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, 👆 💪 🚮 👫 `FastAPI` 🈸.

👈 💼, 👫 🔜 ✔ 🌐 *➡ 🛠️* 🈸:

```Python hl_lines="15"
{!../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial012.py!}
```

& 🌐 💭 📄 🔃 [❎ `dependencies` *➡ 🛠️ 👨‍🎨*](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank} ✔, ✋️ 👉 💼, 🌐 *➡ 🛠️* 📱.