### Lifespan 函式 { #lifespan-function }

首先要注意的是，我們定義了一個帶有 `yield` 的 async 函式。這和帶有 `yield` 的依賴（Dependencies）非常相似。

{* ../../docs_src/events/tutorial003_py310.py hl[14:19] *}

函式在 `yield` 之前的部分，會在應用啟動前先執行。

`yield` 之後的部分，會在應用結束後再執行。

### 非同步內容管理器（Async Context Manager） { #async-context-manager }

你會看到這個函式被 `@asynccontextmanager` 裝飾。

它會把函式轉換成所謂的「**非同步內容管理器（async context manager）**」。

    async def app(scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
        session = WebSocket(scope, receive=receive, send=send)

        async def app(scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
            async with AsyncExitStack() as request_stack:
                scope["fastapi_inner_astack"] = request_stack
                async with AsyncExitStack() as function_stack:

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


async def response_status_setter(response: Response):
    response.status_code = 201


async def parent_dep(result=Depends(response_status_setter)):
    return result


@app.get("/", dependencies=[Depends(parent_dep)])
async def get_main():
    return {"msg": "Hello World"}


client = TestClient(app)

### Arquivos e async { #files-and-async }

Na maioria dos casos, objetos semelhantes a arquivo não são compatíveis com async e await por padrão.

Por exemplo, eles não têm `await file.read()`, nem `async for chunk in file`.

    name: str
    owner: UserDB


class PetOut(BaseModel):
    name: str
    owner: User


@app.post("/users/", response_model=User)
async def create_user(user: UserCreate):
    return user


@app.get("/pets/{pet_id}", response_model=PetOut)
async def read_pet(pet_id: int):
    user = UserDB(
        email="******@****.***",
        hashed_password="secrethashed",
    )

pkg sync/atomic, func OrInt64(*int64, int64) int64 #61395
pkg sync/atomic, func OrUint32(*uint32, uint32) uint32 #61395
pkg sync/atomic, func OrUint64(*uint64, uint64) uint64 #61395
pkg sync/atomic, func OrUintptr(*uintptr, uintptr) uintptr #61395
pkg sync/atomic, method (*Int32) And(int32) int32 #61395
pkg sync/atomic, method (*Int32) Or(int32) int32 #61395
pkg sync/atomic, method (*Int64) And(int64) int64 #61395

        assertEquals(asyncId, request.getAsyncId());
        assertTrue((request.getFlags() & SMB2_FLAGS_ASYNC_COMMAND) != 0, "Async flag should be set when asyncId is non-zero");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test constructor with zero asyncId does not set async flag")
    void testConstructorWithZeroAsyncId() {
        // Given
        long mid = 12345L;
        long asyncId = 0L;

        // When

async def create_item(item: Item):
    return {"message": "Item received"}


@app.get("/items/", response_model=list[Item], tags=["items"])
async def get_items():
    return [
        {"name": "Plumbus", "price": 3},
        {"name": "Portal Gun", "price": 9001},
    ]


@app.post("/users/", response_model=ResponseMessage, tags=["users"])
async def create_user(user: User):

///

### *path operation functions* no-async { #non-async-path-operation-functions }

También puedes usar funciones `def` regulares (sin `async`), y usar `yield` de la misma forma.

FastAPI se asegurará de que se ejecute correctamente para que no bloquee el event loop.

Como en este caso la función no es async, el tipo de retorno correcto sería `Iterable[Item]`:

///

### Non-async *path operation functions* { #non-async-path-operation-functions }

You can also use regular `def` functions (without `async`), and use `yield` the same way.

FastAPI will make sure it's run correctly so that it doesn't block the event loop.

As in this case the function is not async, the right return type would be `Iterable[Item]`: