log.debug(String.format("Retrying (%d/%d) request %s", retries, maxRetries, request));
            }

            // should we disconnect the transport here? otherwise we make an additional attempt to detect that if the
            // server closed the connection as a result
            log.debug("Disconnecting tree on send retry", last);
            disconnect(true);

            if (retries >= maxRetries) {

    response1.close()

    // Force a fresh connection for the next request.
    client.connectionPool.evictAll()

    // Confirm that a second request also succeeds. This should detect caching problems.
    server.enqueue(
      MockResponse
        .Builder()
        .body("def")
        .onResponseEnd(ShutdownConnection)
        .build(),
    )
    val call2 =

![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-03-swagger-02.png)

* Klicken Sie auf den Button „Try it out“, damit können Sie die Parameter ausfüllen und direkt mit der API interagieren:

![Swagger UI Interaktion](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-04-swagger-03.png)

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py39.py!}
```

Using `Optional[str]` instead of just `str` will let the editor help you detect errors where you could be assuming that a value is always a `str`, when it could actually be `None` too.

`Optional[Something]` is actually a shortcut for `Union[Something, None]`, they are equivalent.

query.highlight.phrase.limit=256
# Fields for content description in query highlighting.
query.highlight.content.description.fields=hl_content,digest
# Whether to detect boundary position in query highlighting.
query.highlight.boundary.position.detect=true
# Type for text fragment in query highlighting.
query.highlight.text.fragment.type=query
# Size for text fragment in query highlighting.
query.highlight.text.fragment.size=3

   * 'affect' a bit(j) in the output if two inputs, identical but for bit(i), will differ at output
   * bit(j) about half the time
   *
   * <p>Funneling is pretty simple to detect. The key idea is to find example keys which
   * unequivocally demonstrate that funneling cannot be occurring. This is done bit-by-bit. For each

 * This test uses JMH (Java Microbenchmark Harness) for accurate performance measurement.
 *
 * To run this benchmark:
 * mvn test -Dtest=CompositeBeanHelperPerformanceTest -pl impl/maven-core
 *
 * The main method will execute the JMH benchmarks with the configured parameters.
 *

* An "Init Container" in Kubernetes that runs before your app container
* A bash script that runs the previous steps and then starts your application
    * You would still need a way to start/restart *that* bash script, detect errors, etc.

/// tip

I'll give you more concrete examples for doing this with containers in a future chapter: [FastAPI in Containers - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

///

       *
       * - ServiceDelegate.runningTask contains an instance of ReschedulableCallable (at least in
       *   the case that the service is using CustomScheduler). (It needs it so that it can cancel
       *   the task and detect whether it has been cancelled.)
       *
       * - ReschedulableCallable has a reference back to its enclosing CustomScheduler. (It needs it
       *   so that it can call getNextSchedule).
       *

       *
       * - ServiceDelegate.runningTask contains an instance of ReschedulableCallable (at least in
       *   the case that the service is using CustomScheduler). (It needs it so that it can cancel
       *   the task and detect whether it has been cancelled.)
       *
       * - ReschedulableCallable has a reference back to its enclosing CustomScheduler. (It needs it
       *   so that it can call getNextSchedule).
       *