assertEscaping(xmlEscaper, "\uFFFD", ch);
      }
    }

    // Test _all_ allowed characters (including surrogate values).
    for (char ch = 0x20; ch <= 0xFFFD; ch++) {
      // There are a small number of cases to consider, so just do it manually.
      if (ch == '&') {
        assertEscaping(xmlEscaper, "&amp;", ch);
      } else if (ch == '<') {
        assertEscaping(xmlEscaper, "&lt;", ch);
      } else if (ch == '>') {

This also means that in many cases you can pass the same object you get from a request **directly to the database**, as everything is validated automatically.

The same applies the other way around, in many cases you can just pass the object you get from the database **directly to the client**.

You can also combine `dataclasses` with other type annotations to make nested data structures.

In some cases, you might still have to use Pydantic's version of `dataclasses`. For example, if you have errors with the automatically generated API documentation.

In that case, you can simply swap the standard `dataclasses` with `pydantic.dataclasses`, which is a drop-in replacement:

  }

  /*
   * AbstractCollection fails the removeAll(null) test when the subject
   * collection is empty, but we'd still like to test removeAll(null) when we
   * can. We split the test into empty and non-empty cases. This allows us to
   * suppress only the former.
   */

  @CollectionFeature.Require(SUPPORTS_REMOVE)
  @CollectionSize.Require(ZERO)
  public void testRemoveAll_nullCollectionReferenceEmptySubject() {

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import java.util.Map;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NonNull;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Test cases for a {@link Table} implementation supporting reads and writes.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public abstract class AbstractTableTest<C extends @Nullable Character>

 */

package com.google.common.math;

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Random;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utilities for benchmarks.
 *
 * <p>In many cases, we wish to vary the order of magnitude of the input as much as we want to vary
 * the input itself, so most methods which generate values use an exponential distribution varying

Write throughput is typically at least 500MB/s per CPU core,
and scales with the number of available CPU cores.
Decompression speed is typically at least 1GB/s.

This means that in cases where raw IO is below these numbers
compression will not only reduce disk usage but also help increase system throughput.
Typically, enabling compression on spinning disk systems
will increase speed when the content can be compressed.

# HTTP Basic Auth { #http-basic-auth }

For the simplest cases, you can use HTTP Basic Auth.

In HTTP Basic Auth, the application expects a header that contains a username and a password.

If it doesn't receive it, it returns an HTTP 401 "Unauthorized" error.

And returns a header `WWW-Authenticate` with a value of `Basic`, and an optional `realm` parameter.

That tells the browser to show the integrated prompt for a username and password.

    * So, by using FastAPI you are saving development time, bugs, lines of code, and you would probably get the same performance (or better) you would...

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Test cases for {@link SettableFuture}.
 *
 * @author Sven Mawson
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class SettableFutureTest extends TestCase {

  private SettableFuture<String> future;
  private ListenableFutureTester tester;