}

    /**
     * Returns the preload size for charset detection.
     * @return The preload size for charset detection.
     */
    public int getPreloadSizeForCharset() {
        return preloadSizeForCharset;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the preload size for charset detection.
     * @param preloadSizeForCharset The preload size for charset detection to set.
     */

		t.Fatalf("errors happened when update: %v", err)
	}

	var user2 User
	DB.Preload("Account").Find(&user2, "id = ?", user.ID)
	CheckUser(t, user2, user)

	user.Account.Number += "new"
	if err := DB.Save(&user).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("errors happened when update: %v", err)
	}

	var user3 User
	DB.Preload("Account").Find(&user3, "id = ?", user.ID)

	CheckUser(t, user2, user3)

	if rows != 0 {
		t.Fatalf("expected 0 rows affected for association-only update, got %d", rows)
	}

	// Verify both associations were updated using real database queries
	var updatedUser User
	if err := DB.Preload("Pets").Preload("Toys").Where("id = ?", user.ID).First(&updatedUser).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to find updated user: %v", err)
	}

	if len(updatedUser.Pets) != 2 {

		Preload("Toys", func(db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
			return db.Table("toys").Select("name")
		}).Count(&count12).Error; err == nil {
		t.Errorf("error should raise when using preload without schema")
	}

	var count13 int64
	if err := DB.Model(User{}).
		Where("name in ?", []string{user1.Name, user2.Name, user3.Name}).
		Preload("Toys", func(db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {

	AssertEqual(t, nil, err)

	var findUser1 User
	err = DB.Preload("Languages").Where("id = ?", user1.ID).First(&findUser1).Error
	AssertEqual(t, nil, err)
	AssertEqual(t, user1, findUser1)

	var findUser2 User
	err = DB.Preload("Languages").Where("id = ?", user2.ID).First(&findUser2).Error
	AssertEqual(t, nil, err)
	AssertEqual(t, user2, findUser2)
}

	// ErrInvalidValueOfLength invalid values do not match length
	ErrInvalidValueOfLength = errors.New("invalid association values, length doesn't match")
	// ErrPreloadNotAllowed preload is not allowed when count is used
	ErrPreloadNotAllowed = errors.New("preload is not allowed when count is used")
	// ErrDuplicatedKey occurs when there is a unique key constraint violation
	ErrDuplicatedKey = errors.New("duplicated key not allowed")

	db.Statement.scopes = nil
	for _, scope := range scopes {
		db = scope(db)
	}
	return db
}

// Preload preload associations with given conditions
//
//	// get all users, and preload all non-cancelled orders
//	db.Preload("Orders", "state NOT IN (?)", "cancelled").Find(&users)
func (db *DB) Preload(query string, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB) {
	tx = db.getInstance()
	if tx.Statement.Preloads == nil {

		}

		db.Statement.AddClauseIfNotExists(clauseSelect)

		db.Statement.Build(db.Statement.BuildClauses...)
	}
}

func Preload(db *gorm.DB) {
	if db.Error == nil && len(db.Statement.Preloads) > 0 {
		if db.Statement.Schema == nil {
			db.AddError(fmt.Errorf("%w when using preload", gorm.ErrModelValueRequired))
			return
		}

		joins := make([]string, 0, len(db.Statement.Joins))

	browserHSTSIncludeSubdomains = "hsts_include_subdomains"
	// browserHSTSPreload setting name for Strict-Transport-Security response header 'preload' flag (true or false)
	browserHSTSPreload = "hsts_preload"
	// browserReferrerPolicy setting name for Referrer-Policy response header
	browserReferrerPolicy = "referrer_policy"

This change fixes a [CSRF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery) security vulnerability when using cookies for authentication in path operations with JSON payloads sent by browsers.

In versions lower than `0.65.2`, FastAPI would try to read the request payload as JSON even if the `content-type` header sent was not set to `application/json` or a compatible JSON media type (e.g. `application/geo+json`).