@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") // https://github.com/google/guava/issues/989
@DoNotMock("Use ImmutableRangeSet or TreeRangeSet")
@GwtIncompatible
public interface RangeSet<C extends Comparable> {
  // TODO(lowasser): consider adding default implementations of some of these methods

  // Query methods

  /** Determines whether any of this range set's member ranges contains {@code value}. */
  boolean contains(C value);

  /**

So, we get a Pydantic model from the data in another Pydantic model.

#### Unpacking a `dict` and extra keywords { #unpacking-a-dict-and-extra-keywords }

And then adding the extra keyword argument `hashed_password=hashed_password`, like in:

```Python
UserInDB(**user_in.model_dump(), hashed_password=hashed_password)
```

...ends up being like:

```Python
UserInDB(

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]"

---> 100%
```

</div>

A similar process would apply to any other ASGI server program.

/// tip

By adding the `standard`, Uvicorn will install and use some recommended extra dependencies.

That including `uvloop`, the high-performance drop-in replacement for `asyncio`, that provides the big concurrency performance boost.

  - [Changelog since v1.31.11](#changelog-since-v13111)
  - [Important Security Information](#important-security-information)
    - [CVE-2025-5187: Nodes can delete themselves by adding an OwnerReference](#cve-2025-5187-nodes-can-delete-themselves-by-adding-an-ownerreference)
  - [Changes by Kind](#changes-by-kind-2)
    - [Feature](#feature-2)
    - [Bug or Regression](#bug-or-regression-2)
  - [Dependencies](#dependencies-2)

## The normal **FastAPI** app { #the-normal-fastapi-app }

Let's first see how the normal API app would look like before adding the callback.

It will have a *path operation* that will receive an `Invoice` body, and a query parameter `callback_url` that will contain the URL for the callback.

			//   expectation  =  "100-continue" | expectation-extension
			//
			// So it safe to assume that '100-continue' is what would
			// be sent, for the time being keep this work around.
			// Adding a *TODO* to remove this later when Golang server
			// doesn't filter out the 'Expect' header.
			extractedSignedHeaders.Set(header, "100-continue")
		case "host":
			// Go http server removes "host" from Request.Header

	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Verify if the authToken already contains
	// <Key> <Token> like format, if this is
	// already present we can blindly use the
	// authToken as is instead of adding 'Bearer'
	tokens := strings.Fields(target.args.AuthToken)
	switch len(tokens) {
	case 2:
		req.Header.Set("Authorization", target.args.AuthToken)
	case 1:

The `str | None` (Python 3.10+) or `Union` in `Union[str, None]` (Python 3.9+) is not used by FastAPI to determine that the value is not required, it will know it's not required because it has a default value of `= None`.

But adding the type annotations will allow your editor to give you better support and detect errors.

///

## Without Pydantic { #without-pydantic }

import java.util.Set;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * CompactLinkedHashSet is an implementation of a Set, which a predictable iteration order that
 * matches the insertion order. All optional operations (adding and removing) are supported. All
 * elements, including {@code null}, are permitted.
 *
 * <p>{@code contains(x)}, {@code add(x)} and {@code remove(x)}, are all (expected and amortized)

import java.util.Spliterators;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * CompactLinkedHashSet is an implementation of a Set, which a predictable iteration order that
 * matches the insertion order. All optional operations (adding and removing) are supported. All
 * elements, including {@code null}, are permitted.
 *
 * <p>{@code contains(x)}, {@code add(x)} and {@code remove(x)}, are all (expected and amortized)