*
 * <h2>Immutable collections</h2>
 *
 * These are collections whose contents will never change. They also offer a few additional
 * guarantees (see {@link ImmutableCollection} for details). Implementations are available for both
 * the JDK collection types and the Guava collection types (listed below).
 *
 * <h2>Collection types</h2>
 *
 * <dl>
 *   <dt>{@link Multimap}

 *
 * <h2>Immutable collections</h2>
 *
 * These are collections whose contents will never change. They also offer a few additional
 * guarantees (see {@link ImmutableCollection} for details). Implementations are available for both
 * the JDK collection types and the Guava collection types (listed below).
 *
 * <h2>Collection types</h2>
 *
 * <dl>
 *   <dt>{@link Multimap}

 *
 * <p>A few notes about IPv6 "IPv4 mapped" addresses and their observed use in Java.
 *
 * <p>"IPv4 mapped" addresses were originally a representation of IPv4 addresses for use on an IPv6
 * socket that could receive both IPv4 and IPv6 connections (by disabling the {@code IPV6_V6ONLY}
 * socket option on an IPv6 socket). Yes, it's confusing. Nevertheless, these "mapped" addresses

                  public Integer load(Integer from) {
                    return (int) misses.incrementAndGet();
                  }
                });

    // To start, fill up the cache.
    // Each miss both increments the counter and causes the map to grow by one,
    // so until evictions begin, the size of the map is the greatest return
    // value seen so far
    while (cache.getUnchecked(nextRandomKey()) < maximumSize) {}

  }

  /**
   * Returns true if this connection's route has the same address as any of [candidates]. This
   * requires us to have a DNS address for both hosts, which only happens after route planning. We
   * can't coalesce connections that use a proxy, since proxies don't tell us the origin server's IP
   * address.
   */

   * </ul>
   */
  public static <T extends @Nullable Object> void testComparator(
      Comparator<? super T> comparator, List<T> valuesInExpectedOrder) {
    // This does an O(n^2) test of all pairs of values in both orders
    for (int i = 0; i < valuesInExpectedOrder.size(); i++) {
      T t = valuesInExpectedOrder.get(i);

      for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
        T lesser = valuesInExpectedOrder.get(j);
        assertTrue(

        getMultiset().setCount(e0(), 1, 5));
    expectContents(nCopies(3, e0()));
  }

  /*
   * TODO: test that unmodifiable multisets either throw UOE or return false
   * when both are valid options. Currently we test the UOE cases and the
   * return-false cases but not their intersection
   */

      long result = 1;
      for (int i = n1 + 1; i <= n2; i++) {
        result *= i;
      }
      return BigInteger.valueOf(result);
    }

    /*
     * We want each multiplication to have both sides with approximately the same number of digits.
     * Currently, we just divide the range in half.
     */
    int mid = (n1 + n2) >>> 1;
    return oldSlowFactorial(n1, mid).multiply(oldSlowFactorial(mid, n2));
  }

    private static boolean objectsEqual(Object o1, Object o2) {
        if (o1 == null && o2 == null) {
            return true;
        }
        if (o1 == null || o2 == null) {
            return false; // as they are not both null
        }
        return o1.equals(o2);
    }

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * used to eliminate exact duplicates in the edge list
     */

 * #elementSet} contains the distinct elements of the multiset "with duplicates collapsed", and
 * {@link #entrySet} is similar but contains {@link Entry Multiset.Entry} instances, each providing
 * both a distinct element and the count of that element.
 *
 * <p>In addition to these required methods, implementations of {@code Multiset} are expected to