## Detalhes sobre o objeto `Request`

Como o **FastAPI** é na verdade o **Starlette** por baixo, com camadas de diversas funcionalidades por cima, você pode utilizar o objeto <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> do Starlette diretamente quando precisar.

import com.google.common.collect.testing.features.CollectionSize;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Collection;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * Tests {@link java.util.Set#hashCode}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
@Ignore // Affects only Android test runner, which respects JUnit 4 annotations on JUnit 3 tests.

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;

/** Tests for {@link MapIteratorCache} and {@link MapRetrievalCache}. */
@AndroidIncompatible
// TODO(cpovirk): Figure out Android JUnit 4 support. Does it work with Gingerbread? @RunWith?
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public final class MapCacheTest {

/**
 * A class that can supply objects of a single type; a pre-Java-8 version of {@link
 * java.util.function.Supplier java.util.function.Supplier}. Semantically, this could be a factory,
 * generator, builder, closure, or something else entirely. No guarantees are implied by this
 * interface.
 *
 * <p>The {@link Suppliers} class provides common suppliers and related utilities.
 *

import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * A {@link Future} implementation which always throws directly from calls to {@code get()} (i.e.
 * not wrapped in {@code ExecutionException}. For just a normal failure, use {@link
 * SettableFuture}).
 *
 * <p>Useful for testing the behavior of Future utilities against odd futures.
 *
 * @author Anthony Zana
 */

 * identical functionality but do not throw {@link IOException}.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> The caller is responsible for not attempting to read past the end of the
 * array. If any method encounters the end of the array prematurely, it throws {@link
 * IllegalStateException} to signify <i>programmer error</i>. This behavior is a technical violation

/// info | "Informação"

Você pode ler mais sobre o manipulador `lifespan` do Starlette na <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Documentação do Lifespan Starlette</a>.

/// info

You can read more about the Starlette `lifespan` handlers in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's  Lifespan' docs</a>.

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Files}.
 *
 * <p>Some methods are tested in separate files:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>{@link Files#fileTraverser()} is tested in {@link FilesFileTraverserTest}.
 *   <li>{@link Files#createTempDir()} is tested in {@link FilesCreateTempDirTest}.
 * </ul>
 *
 * @author Chris Nokleberg
 */

* `datetime.timedelta`:
    * 一个 Python `datetime.timedelta`.
    * 在请求和响应中将表示为 `float` 代表总秒数。
    * Pydantic 也允许将其表示为 "ISO 8601 时间差异编码", <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#json_encoders" class="external-link" target="_blank">查看文档了解更多信息</a>。
* `frozenset`:
    * 在请求和响应中，作为 `set` 对待：
        * 在请求中，列表将被读取，消除重复，并将其转换为一个 `set`。
        * 在响应中 `set` 将被转换为 `list` 。
        * 产生的模式将指定那些 `set` 的值是唯一的 (使用 JSON 模式的 `uniqueItems`)。