func sumHMAC(key []byte, data []byte) []byte {
	hash := hmac.New(sha256.New, key)
	hash.Write(data)
	return hash.Sum(nil)
}

// extractSignedHeaders extract signed headers from Authorization header
func extractSignedHeaders(signedHeaders []string, r *http.Request) (http.Header, APIErrorCode) {
	reqHeaders := r.Header
	reqQueries := r.Form
	// find whether "host" is part of list of signed headers.

- kube-apiserver now reloads the `--authorization-config` file when it changes. Reloads increment the `apiserver_authorization_config_controller_automatic_reload_last_timestamp_seconds` timestamp metric, with `status="success"` for successful reloads and `status="failed"` for failed reloads. Failed reloads keep using the previously loaded authorization configuration.

  - [beta] Added ability to authenticate/authorize access to the Kubelet API ([docs](http://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/kubelet-authentication-authorization/)) ([kubernetes/features#89](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/issues/89))
- **AWS**

    // is potentially annoying to the application layer since they have no
    // way to retain them.
    if (!userResponse.request.url.canReuseConnectionFor(url)) {
      requestBuilder.removeHeader("Authorization")
    }

    return requestBuilder.url(url).build()
  }

  private fun retryAfter(
    userResponse: Response,
    defaultDelay: Int,
  ): Int {

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image10.png">

/// note

Notice the header `Authorization`, with a value that starts with `Bearer `.

///

## Advanced usage with `scopes` { #advanced-usage-with-scopes }

OAuth2 has the notion of "scopes".

https://rafrasenberg.com/about/ link: https://rafrasenberg.com/fastapi-lambda/ title: 'FastAPI lambda container: serverless simplified' - author: Teresa N. Fontanella De Santis author_link: https://dev.to/ link: https://dev.to/teresafds/authorization-on-fastapi-with-casbin-41og title: Authorization on FastAPI with Casbin - author: New Relic author_link: https://newrelic.com link: https://newrelic.com/instant-observability/fastapi/e559ec64-f765-4470-a15f-1901fcebb468 title: How to monitor FastAPI application performance...

   *  * [OkHttpClient.followRedirects] must be true to follow redirects.
   *  * [OkHttpClient.followSslRedirects] must be true to follow redirects that add or remove HTTPS.
   *  * [OkHttpClient.authenticator] must respond to an authorization challenge.
   *
   * @param networkResponse the intermediate response that may require a follow-up request.
   * @param nextRequest the follow-up request that will be made. Null if no follow-up will be made.
   */

<a href="https://www.permit.io/blog/implement-authorization-in-fastapi?utm_source=github&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=fastapi" target="_blank" title="Fine-Grained Authorization for FastAPI"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/permit.png"></a>

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image10.png">

/// note | Техническая информация
Обратите внимание на заголовок `Authorization`, значение которого начинается с `Bearer`.
///

## Продвинутое использование `scopes`

В OAuth2 существует понятие "диапазоны" ("`scopes`").

		apiErr.Description = fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", apiErr.Description, err)
	}
	if region := globalSite.Region(); region != "" {
		if errCode == ErrAuthorizationHeaderMalformed {
			apiErr.Description = fmt.Sprintf("The authorization header is malformed; the region is wrong; expecting '%s'.", region)
			return apiErr
		}
	}
	return apiErr
}

func (e errorCodeMap) ToAPIErr(errCode APIErrorCode) APIError {