For example, you can raise a different exception, like `HTTPException`.

/// tip

This is a somewhat advanced technique, and in most of the cases you won't really need it, as you can raise exceptions (including `HTTPException`) from inside of the rest of your application code, for example, in the *path operation function*.

But it's there for you if you need it. 🤓

certs-dir: '/home/user/.minio/certs/'
pools: # Specify the nodes and drives with pools
  -
        - 'https://server-example-pool1:9000/mnt/disk1/'
        - 'https://server1-pool1:9000/mnt/disk{1...4}/'
        - 'https://server3-pool1:9000/mnt/disk{1...4}/'
        - 'https://server4-pool1:9000/mnt/disk{1...4}/'
  -
        - 'https://server-example-pool2:9000/mnt/disk{1...4}/'
        - 'https://server1-pool2:9000/mnt/disk{1...4}/'

@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Item = Body(
        openapi_examples={
            "normal": {
                "summary": "A normal example",
                "description": "A **normal** item works correctly.",
                "value": {
                    "name": "Foo",
                    "description": "A very nice Item",
                    "price": 35.4,

   * Returns the maximal range {@linkplain #encloses enclosed} by both this range and {@code
   * connectedRange}, if such a range exists.
   *
   * <p>For example, the intersection of {@code [1..5]} and {@code (3..7)} is {@code (3..5]}. The
   * resulting range may be empty; for example, {@code [1..5)} intersected with {@code [5..7)}
   * yields the empty range {@code [5..5)}.
   *

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/app_a_py310/test_main.py hl[3] *}


...and have the code for the tests just like before.

## Testing: extended example { #testing-extended-example }

Now let's extend this example and add more details to see how to test different parts.

### Extended **FastAPI** app file { #extended-fastapi-app-file }

Let's continue with the same file structure as before:

```

With a server that holds a certificate and a client that trusts it we have enough for an HTTPS
handshake. The best part of this example is that we don't need to make our test code insecure with a
a fake `HostnameVerifier` or `X509TrustManager`.

Certificate Authorities
-----------------------

The above example uses a self-signed certificate. This is convenient for testing but not

                    """
                    package com.example;

                    import org.gradle.api.Incubating;

                    $v1
                    """
                )
            },
            v2 = {
                withJavaFile(
                    "java/com/example/Source.java",
                    """
                    package com.example;

 * shared resources.
 *
 * @param <K> the most general type of keys this listener can listen for; for example {@code Object}
 *     if any key is acceptable
 * @param <V> the most general type of values this listener can listen for; for example {@code
 *     Object} if any key is acceptable
 * @author Charles Fry
 * @since 10.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
@FunctionalInterface

/// note

Notice that, in this case, the `item` that would be taken from the body is optional. As it has a `None` default value.

///

## Multiple body parameters { #multiple-body-parameters }

In the previous example, the *path operations* would expect a JSON body with the attributes of an `Item`, like:

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "description": "The pretender",
    "price": 42.0,
    "tax": 3.2
}
```

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for Simple OAuth2 with Password and Bearer](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/security/simple-oauth2/).

    ## Example

    ```python
    from typing import Annotated

    from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
    from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm

    app = FastAPI()


    @app.post("/login")