/**
 * Utility methods for working with {@link Closeable} objects.
 *
 * @author Michael Lancaster
 * @since 1.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public final class Closeables {
  @VisibleForTesting static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Closeables.class.getName());

  private Closeables() {}

  /**

   * System#getProperty(String)}.
   *
   * <p>The value returned by this method is non-null except in rare circumstances:
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@link #JAVA_EXT_DIRS} was deprecated in Java 8 and removed in Java 9. We have not
   *       confirmed whether it is available under older versions.

   *
   * <p>In contrast, a plain call to {@link java.lang.System#gc()} does not ensure finalization
   * processing and may run concurrently, for example, if the JVM flag {@code
   * -XX:+ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent} is used.
   *
   * <p>Whenever possible, it is preferable to test directly for some observable change resulting
   * from GC, as with {@link #awaitClear}. Because there are no guarantees for the order of GC

import java.util.Collections;
import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for {@link PairedStatsAccumulator}. This tests the stats methods for instances built with
 * {@link PairedStatsAccumulator#add}, and various error cases of that method. For tests of the
 * {@link PairedStatsAccumulator#snapshot} method which returns {@link PairedStats} instances, see
 * {@link PairedStatsTest}.
 *
 * @author Pete Gillin
 */

```

/// info | Información

Para aprender más sobre <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic mira su documentación</a>.

///

**FastAPI** está todo basado en Pydantic.

Vas a ver mucho más de esto en práctica en el [Tutorial - User Guide](tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

## Type hints en **FastAPI**

Wie Sie im vorherigen Kapitel über [Deployment-Konzepte](concepts.md){.internal-link target=_blank} gesehen haben, gibt es mehrere Strategien, die Sie anwenden können.

Hier zeige ich Ihnen, wie Sie <a href="https://gunicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Gunicorn**</a> mit **Uvicorn Workerprozessen** verwenden.

/// info

/// tip

Se você deseja **aprender FastAPI** de forma estruturada (recomendado), leia capítulo por capítulo [Tutorial - Guia de Usuário](../tutorial/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} em vez disso.

/**
 * Generated tests for {@link Monitor}.
 *
 * <p>This test class generates all of its own test cases in the {@link #suite()} method. Every
 * {@code enterXxx}, {@code tryEnterXxx}, and {@code waitForXxx} method of the {@code Monitor} class
 * is analyzed reflectively to determine appropriate test cases based on its signature. Additional
 * ad hoc test cases can be found in {@link SupplementalMonitorTest}.
 *

import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests for {@link StatsAccumulator}. This tests the stats methods for instances built with {@link
 * StatsAccumulator#add} and {@link StatsAccumulator#addAll}, and various error cases of the {@link
 * StatsAccumulator#add} and {@link StatsAccumulator#addAll} methods. For tests of the {@link
 * StatsAccumulator#snapshot} method which returns {@link Stats} instances, see {@link StatsTest}.
 *
 * @author Pete Gillin
 */

    * **標準規格準拠**: API のオープンスタンダードに基く、完全な互換性: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a>や <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON スキーマ</a>。
    * 自動バリデーション、シリアライゼーション、対話的なドキュメント、OAuth2 JWTトークンを用いた認証などを含む、<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/features/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**その他多くの機能**</a>。
* **セキュアなパスワード** ハッシュ化 (デフォルトで)。
* **JWTトークン** 認証。