/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code contains()} operations on a collection. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.CollectionTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

1. Мы по-прежнему импортируем `field` из стандартных `dataclasses`.

2. `pydantic.dataclasses` — полностью совместимая замена (drop-in replacement) для `dataclasses`.

3. Dataclass `Author` содержит список dataclass `Item`.

4. Dataclass `Author` используется в параметре `response_model`.

5. Вы можете использовать и другие стандартные аннотации типов вместе с dataclasses в качестве тела запроса.

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code toString()} operations on a map. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests operations on a SortedSet. Can't be invoked directly; please see
 * {@code SortedSetTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

import com.google.j2objc.annotations.RetainedWith;
import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Implementation of {@link ImmutableMap} with exactly one entry.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible
@SuppressWarnings("serial") // uses writeReplace(), not default serialization
final class SingletonImmutableBiMap<K, V> extends ImmutableBiMap<K, V> {

/**
 * A class to allow {@link Network} implementations to be backed by a provided delegate. This is not
 * currently planned to be released as a general-purpose forwarding class.
 *
 * @author James Sexton
 * @author Joshua O'Madadhain
 */
abstract class ForwardingNetwork<N, E> extends AbstractNetwork<N, E> {

  abstract Network<N, E> delegate();

  @Override
  public Set<N> nodes() {

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code clear()} operations on a map. Can't be invoked directly;
 * please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code toString()} operations on a map. Can't be invoked
 * directly; please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
@Ignore("test runners must not instantiate and run this directly, only via suites we build")

/*
 * Copyright 2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

 */
package org.codelibs.core.exception;

import org.codelibs.core.message.MessageFormatter;

/**
 * A base exception class for CoreLib.
 *
 * @author higa
 * @author shinsuke
 */
public class ClRuntimeException extends RuntimeException {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4452607868694297329L;

    /**
     * The message code.
     */