from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

        _ * superType.classProperties >> [inheritedPropertyC]
    }

    def classMetaData(String name = 'org.gradle.Class') {
        ClassMetaData classMetaData = Mock()
        _ * classMetaData.className >> name
        return classMetaData
    }

    def classDoc(String name = 'org.gradle.Class') {
        ClassDoc doc = Mock()
        _ * doc.name >> name
        _ * doc.toString() >> "ClassDoc '$name'"

### Input Model in Docs { #input-model-in-docs }

You can confirm that in the docs, the `description` field doesn't have a **red asterisk**, it's not marked as required:

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/separate-openapi-schemas/image01.png">
</div>

### Model for Output { #model-for-output }

But if you use the same model as an output, like here:

                .coordinates(requireNonNull(coordinates, "coordinates cannot be null"))
                .repositories(repositories)
                .build();
    }

    @NotThreadSafe
    class ArtifactResolverRequestBuilder {
        Session session;
        RequestTrace trace;
        Collection<? extends ArtifactCoordinates> coordinates;
        List<RemoteRepository> repositories;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

class Graph {
    private enum DfsState {
        VISITING,
        VISITED
    }

    final Map<String, Vertex> vertices = new LinkedHashMap<>();

    public Vertex getVertex(String id) {

## `jsonable_encoder`の使用

JSON互換のデータのみを受信するデータベース`fake_db`があるとしましょう。

例えば、`datetime`オブジェクトはJSONと互換性がないので、このデーターベースには受け取られません。

そのため、`datetime`オブジェクトは<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" class="external-link" target="_blank">ISO形式</a>のデータを含む`str`に変換されなければなりません。

同様に、このデータベースはPydanticモデル（属性を持つオブジェクト）を受け取らず、`dict`だけを受け取ります。

そのために`jsonable_encoder`を使用することができます。

Pydanticモデルのようなオブジェクトを受け取り、JSON互換版を返します:

# 配置 Swagger UI

你可以配置一些额外的 <a href="https://swagger.io/docs/open-source-tools/swagger-ui/usage/configuration/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Swagger UI 参数</a>.

如果需要配置它们，可以在创建 `FastAPI()` 应用对象时或调用 `get_swagger_ui_html()` 函数时传递 `swagger_ui_parameters` 参数。

`swagger_ui_parameters` 接受一个直接传递给 Swagger UI的字典，包含配置参数键值对。

FastAPI会将这些配置转换为 **JSON**，使其与 JavaScript 兼容，因为这是 Swagger UI 需要的。

## 不使用语法高亮

比如，你可以禁用 Swagger UI 中的语法高亮。

    RequestValidationError,
    ResponseValidationError,
    WebSocketRequestValidationError,
)
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    id: int
    name: str


class ExceptionCapture:
    def __init__(self):
        self.exception = None

    def capture(self, exc):
        self.exception = exc
        return exc


app = FastAPI()

fun Project.getBuildEnvironmentExtension(): BuildEnvironmentExtension = extensions.getByType(BuildEnvironmentExtension::class.java)

fun Project.getBuildEnvironmentExtensionOrNull(): BuildEnvironmentExtension? = extensions.findByType(BuildEnvironmentExtension::class.java)

fun Project.repoRoot(): Directory = getBuildEnvironmentExtensionOrNull()?.repoRoot?.get() ?: layout.projectDirectory.parentOrRoot()

import org.apache.maven.utils.Os;

/**
 * Assists the project builder. <strong>Warning:</strong> This is an internal utility class that is only public for
 * technical reasons, it is not part of the public API. In particular, this class can be changed or deleted without
 * prior notice.
 *
 * @since 3.0
 */
public class EnvironmentUtils {

    private static Properties envVars;

    /**