assertEquals("00001234", Hexdump.toHexString(0x1234, 8));
        assertEquals("1234", Hexdump.toHexString(0x1234, 4));
        assertEquals("34", Hexdump.toHexString(0x1234, 2));

        // Test negative values (treated as unsigned)
        assertEquals("FFFFFFFF", Hexdump.toHexString(-1, 8));
        assertEquals("FFFF", Hexdump.toHexString(-1, 4));
        assertEquals("FF", Hexdump.toHexString(-1, 2));
    }

        byte[] dst = new byte[1024];
        int result = setupAndX.writeBytesWireFormat(dst, 0);

        // Verify that data was written
        assertTrue(result >= 0, "writeBytesWireFormat should return non-negative value");
    }

    @Test
    void testReadParameterWordsWireFormat() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];

        int result = setupAndX.readParameterWordsWireFormat(buffer, 0);

     * Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY.
     */
    bits |= x.signum() & SIGN_MASK;
    return longBitsToDouble(bits);
  }

  /** Returns its argument if it is non-negative, zero if it is negative. */
  static double ensureNonNegative(double value) {
    checkArgument(!isNaN(value));
    return max(value, 0.0);
  }

  @VisibleForTesting static final long ONE_BITS = 0x3ff0000000000000L;

    initCollectionWithNullElement();
    try {
      assertSetCount(null, 1);
    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException tolerated) {
    }
  }

  // Negative count.

  @CollectionFeature.Require(SUPPORTS_REMOVE)
  public void testSetCount_negative_removeSupported() {
    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> setCountNoCheckReturnValue(e3(), -1));
  }

									}
									count--
								}
							}
						} else {
							matchedFieldCount[column] = 1
						}
					} else if names := utils.SplitNestedRelationName(column); len(names) > 1 { // has nested relation
						aliasName := utils.JoinNestedRelationNames(names[0 : len(names)-1])
						for _, join := range db.Statement.Joins {
							if join.Alias == aliasName {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle negative offset in verify method")
        void testVerifyNegativeOffset() {
            byte[] data = new byte[128];
            boolean result = digest.verify(data, -1, 100, 0, response);
            assertFalse(result, "Should return false for negative offset");
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle negative length in verify method")

        int testExpires = 30;
        CrawlJob result = crawlJob.documentExpires(testExpires);
        assertEquals(testExpires, crawlJob.documentExpires);
        assertSame(crawlJob, result);

        // Test with negative value
        result = crawlJob.documentExpires(-1);
        assertEquals(-1, crawlJob.documentExpires);
        assertSame(crawlJob, result);
    }

    // Test webConfigIds setter

        // Test getting ID after setting it
        dictionaryItem.id = 123L;
        assertEquals(123L, dictionaryItem.getId());
    }

    public void test_getId_negativeValue() {
        // Test with negative ID value
        dictionaryItem.id = -456L;
        assertEquals(-456L, dictionaryItem.getId());
    }

    public void test_getId_maxValue() {
        // Test with maximum Long value

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode negative values as unsigned")
        void testEncodingWithNegativeValues() {
            long negativeOffset = -1L;
            long negativeLength = -100L;
            int negativeFlags = -1;

            lock = new Smb2Lock(negativeOffset, negativeLength, negativeFlags);
            lock.encode(buffer, 0);

            // Negative values should be encoded as unsigned

    @Test
    @DisplayName("encode() throws when dstIndex is negative")
    void encodeThrowsWhenDstIndexNegative() {
        byte[] src = makeSeq(3);
        Encodable enc = new ByteEncodable(src, 0, 3);
        byte[] dst = new byte[3];

        assertThrows(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> enc.encode(dst, -1),
                "System.arraycopy should throw for negative dstIndex");
    }