# CORS (オリジン間リソース共有)

<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS" class="external-link" target="_blank">CORSまたは「オリジン間リソース共有」</a> は、ブラウザで実行されているフロントエンドにバックエンドと通信するJavaScriptコードがあり、そのバックエンドがフロントエンドとは異なる「オリジン」にある状況を指します。

## オリジン

オリジンはプロトコル (`http`、`https`) とドメイン (`myapp.com`、`localhost`、`localhost.tiangolo.com`) とポート (`80`、`443`、`8080`) の組み合わせです。

したがって、以下はすべて異なるオリジンです:

* `http://localhost`
* `https://localhost`

///

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.templating import Jinja2Templates`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.templating` as `fastapi.templating` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette. The same with `Request` and `StaticFiles`.

///

## Writing templates { #writing-templates }

  public static final MediaType WASM_APPLICATION = createConstant(APPLICATION_TYPE, "wasm");

  /**
   * NaCl applications. For more information see <a
   * href="https://developer.chrome.com/native-client/devguide/coding/application-structure">the
   * Developer Guide for Native Client Application Structure</a>.
   *
   * @since 20.0
   */
  public static final MediaType NACL_APPLICATION = createConstant(APPLICATION_TYPE, "x-nacl");

For the next examples, you could also use `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`.

**FastAPI** provides several middlewares in `fastapi.middleware` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available middlewares come directly from Starlette.

///

## `HTTPSRedirectMiddleware` { #httpsredirectmiddleware }

Enforces that all incoming requests must either be `https` or `wss`.

```

MockWebServer is used for firstly for internal testing, and for basic testing of apps using OkHttp client.
It is not a full featured HTTP testing library that is developed standalone. It is not being actively developed
for new features. As such you might find your needs outgrow MockWebServer and you may which to use a
more full featured testing library such as [MockServer](https://www.mock-server.com/).

package cmd

import (
	"context"
	"io"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/minio/madmin-go/v3"
)

// naughtyDisk wraps a POSIX disk and returns programmed errors
// specified by the developer. The purpose is to simulate errors
// that are hard to simulate in practice like DiskNotFound.
// Programmed errors are stored in errors field.
type naughtyDisk struct {
	// The real disk
	disk StorageAPI

    * 그런 다음, *경로 작업*에 의해 생성된 `response` 를 반환합니다.
* `response`를 반환하기 전에 추가로 `response`를 수정할 수 있습니다.

{* ../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py hl[8:9,11,14] *}

/// tip | 팁

사용자 정의 헤더는 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">'X-' 접두사를 사용</a>하여 추가할 수 있습니다.

///

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.testclient` as `fastapi.testclient` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But it comes directly from Starlette.

///

/// tip

</div>

With this feature from **Pydantic v2**, your API documentation is more **precise**, and if you have autogenerated clients and SDKs, they will be more precise too, with a better **developer experience** and consistency. 🎉

## Do not Separate Schemas { #do-not-separate-schemas }

Now, there are some cases where you might want to have the **same schema for input and output**.

# Веб-сокеты

Вы можете использовать <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API" class="external-link" target="_blank">веб-сокеты</a> в **FastAPI**.

## Установка `WebSockets`

Убедитесь, что [виртуальная среда](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank} создана, активируйте её и установите `websockets`:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install websockets

---> 100%
```

</div>