a modified version of its Corresponding Source.  The information must
suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object
code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because
modification has been made.

  If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as

        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Middle cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test

        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Token validation failed", exception.getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        SsoLoginException exception = new SsoLoginException(null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

        assertEquals(level1, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Runtime error", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid state", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level3, exception.getCause().getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Null value", exception.getCause().getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructorWithMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and cause
        String message = "Test scheduled job error with cause";
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause exception");
        ScheduledJobException exception = new ScheduledJobException(message, cause);

        // IOException(Throwable) sets message to cause.toString()
        assertEquals(cause.toString(), ex.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should create SpnegoException with message and cause")
    void testWithMessageAndCause() {
        // Given
        String message = "SPNEGO handshake error";
        RuntimeException cause = new RuntimeException("root cause");

        // When

        assertEquals("Level 3", level3.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, level3.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 2", level3.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, level3.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 1", level3.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_throwAndCatchException() {

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void testConstructorWithNullMessageAndCause() {
        IOException cause = new IOException("IO error");
        CurlException exception = new CurlException(null, cause);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertSame(cause, exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test

        // Expect the message to be set correctly and cause to be null
        assertEquals(errorMessage, e.getMessage());
        assertNull(e.getCause());
    }

    /**
     * Test the constructor with a cause.
     */
    @Test
    void testCauseConstructor() {
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause");
        PACDecodingException e = new PACDecodingException(cause);

        });

        // Test throwing and catching with cause
        RuntimeException cause = new RuntimeException("Cause");
        TransportException thrown = assertThrows(TransportException.class, () -> {
            throw new TransportException(cause);
        });
        assertEquals(cause, thrown.getCause());

        // Test throwing and catching with message and cause