private static final char[] EMPTY = {};
  private static final char[] ARRAY1 = {(char) 1};
  private static final char[] ARRAY234 = {(char) 2, (char) 3, (char) 4};

  private static final char LEAST = Character.MIN_VALUE;
  private static final char GREATEST = Character.MAX_VALUE;

  private static final char[] VALUES = {LEAST, 'a', '\u00e0', '\udcaa', GREATEST};

  // We need to test that our method behaves like the JDK method.

   *     {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE} if it is too large, or {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE} if it is too
   *     small
   */
  public static int saturatedCast(long value) {
    if (value > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
      return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (value < Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
      return Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    }
    return (int) value;
  }

  /**

  override val routePlanner: RoutePlanner,
  private val taskRunner: TaskRunner,
) : ExchangeFinder {
  private val connectDelayNanos = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(250L)
  private var nextTcpConnectAtNanos = Long.MIN_VALUE

  /**
   * Plans currently being connected, and that will later be added to [connectResults]. This is
   * mutated by the call thread only. If is accessed by background connect threads.
   */

        assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class, () -> InputValidator.safeAdd(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 1));
        assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class, () -> InputValidator.safeAdd(Integer.MIN_VALUE, -1));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test safe integer multiplication")
    void testSafeMultiplication() {
        assertEquals(100, InputValidator.safeMultiply(10, 10));

    public void test_versionNumberEdgeCases() {
        TestSearchLogEvent event = new TestSearchLogEvent("id", 0L, "type");

        // Test minimum value
        event.setVersionNo(Long.MIN_VALUE);
        assertEquals(Long.valueOf(Long.MIN_VALUE), event.getVersionNo());

        // Test zero
        event.setVersionNo(0L);
        assertEquals(Long.valueOf(0L), event.getVersionNo());

        // Test maximum value

  public static final class ImmutableLongArrayHeadSubListAsListGenerator
      extends TestLongListGenerator {
    @Override
    protected List<Long> create(Long[] elements) {
      Long[] suffix = {Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE};
      Long[] all = concat(elements, suffix);
      return makeArray(all).subArray(0, elements.length).asList();
    }
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // used only from suite

  public static final class ImmutableDoubleArrayHeadSubListAsListGenerator
      extends TestDoubleListGenerator {
    @Override
    protected List<Double> create(Double[] elements) {
      Double[] suffix = {Double.MIN_VALUE, Double.MAX_VALUE};
      Double[] all = concat(elements, suffix);
      return makeArray(all).subArray(0, elements.length).asList();
    }
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // used only from suite

  public static final class ImmutableIntArrayHeadSubListAsListGenerator
      extends TestIntegerListGenerator {
    @Override
    protected List<Integer> create(Integer[] elements) {
      Integer[] suffix = {Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE};
      Integer[] all = concat(elements, suffix);
      return makeArray(all).subArray(0, elements.length).asList();
    }
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // used only from suite

        0.1,
        0.5,
        1.0,
        Double.MAX_VALUE,
        GREATEST,
        Double.MIN_NORMAL,
        -Double.MIN_NORMAL,
        Double.MIN_VALUE,
        -Double.MIN_VALUE,
        Integer.MIN_VALUE,
        Integer.MAX_VALUE,
        Long.MIN_VALUE,
        Long.MAX_VALUE
      };

  private static final double[] VALUES = Doubles.concat(NUMBERS, new double[] {NaN});

        // Valid inputs: each known code must map to its documented message
        assertEquals(expectedMessage, lookupMessage(code).orElse(null));
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { -1, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE })
    @DisplayName("Unknown codes: lookup returns empty Optional")
    void lookup_returns_empty_for_unknown_codes(int unknownCode) {
        // Invalid inputs: codes not present should yield no message