type ItemContent struct {
		gorm.Model
		ItemID       uint   `gorm:"not null"`
		Name         string `gorm:"not null;type:varchar(50)"`
		LanguageCode string `gorm:"not null;type:varchar(2)"`
	}
	type Item struct {
		gorm.Model
		Logo     string        `gorm:"not null;type:varchar(50)"`
		Contents []ItemContent `gorm:"foreignKey:ItemID"`
	}

	tx := DB.Session(&gorm.Session{})

	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/jinzhu/now"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/utils"
)

// special types' reflect type
var (
	TimeReflectType    = reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
	TimePtrReflectType = reflect.TypeOf(&time.Time{})
	ByteReflectType    = reflect.TypeOf(uint8(0))
)

type (
	// DataType GORM data type
	DataType string
	// TimeType GORM time type
	TimeType int64
)

// GORM time types

package tests_test

import (
	"regexp"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func TestDistinct(t *testing.T) {
	users := []User{
		*GetUser("distinct", Config{}),
		*GetUser("distinct", Config{}),
		*GetUser("distinct", Config{}),
		*GetUser("distinct-2", Config{}),
		*GetUser("distinct-3", Config{}),
	}
	users[0].Age = 20

	if err := DB.Create(&users).Error; err != nil {

package clause_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestSelect(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users`", nil,
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{
				Columns: []clause.Column{clause.PrimaryColumn},
			}, clause.From{}},

package tests_test

import (
	"errors"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func TestDelete(t *testing.T) {
	users := []User{*GetUser("delete", Config{}), *GetUser("delete", Config{}), *GetUser("delete", Config{})}

	if err := DB.Create(&users).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("errors happened when create: %v", err)
	}

	for _, user := range users {
		if user.ID == 0 {

package clause_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestOrderBy(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}, clause.OrderBy{
				Columns: []clause.OrderByColumn{{Column: clause.PrimaryColumn, Desc: true}},
			}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users` ORDER BY `users`.`id` DESC", nil,

        stale-issue-label:...

package tests_test

import (
	"testing"

	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

type Hamster struct {
	Id           int
	Name         string
	PreferredToy Toy `gorm:"polymorphic:Owner;polymorphicValue:hamster_preferred"`
	OtherToy     Toy `gorm:"polymorphic:Owner;polymorphicValue:hamster_other"`
}

func TestNamedPolymorphic(t *testing.T) {
	DB.Migrator().DropTable(&Hamster{})
	DB.AutoMigrate(&Hamster{})

package tests_test

import (
	"os"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"gorm.io/gorm"

	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

type Config struct {
	Account   bool
	Pets      int
	Toys      int
	Company   bool
	Manager   bool
	Team      int
	Languages int
	Friends   int
	NamedPet  bool
	Tools     int
}

func GetUser(name string, config Config) *User {
	var (

package tests_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
	"gorm.io/gorm"
)

func TestWithSingleConnection(t *testing.T) {
	expectedName := "test"
	var actualName string

	setSQL, getSQL := getSetSQL(DB.Dialector.Name())
	if len(setSQL) == 0 || len(getSQL) == 0 {
		return
	}

	err := DB.Connection(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
		if err := tx.Exec(setSQL, expectedName).Error; err != nil {
			return err