if err := tx.Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to update user,missing where condition,err=%+v", err)
	}

	if !regexp.MustCompile("WHERE .id. = [^ ]+$").MatchString(tx.Statement.SQL.String()) {
		t.Fatalf("invalid updating SQL, got %v", tx.Statement.SQL.String())
	}

	}
}

func isUsingClosedConnError(err error) bool {
	// https://github.com/golang/go/blob/e705a2d16e4ece77e08e80c168382cdb02890f5b/src/database/sql/sql.go#L2717
	return err.Error() == "sql: statement is closed"
}

// TestPreparedStmtConcurrentClose test calling close and executing SQL concurrently
// this test making sure that the gorm would not get a Segmentation Fault, and the only error cause by this is using a closed Stmt

		t.Fatalf("Build count with select, but got %v", result.Statement.SQL.String())
	}

	result = dryDB.Table("users").Distinct("name").Count(&count)
	if !regexp.MustCompile(`SELECT COUNT\(DISTINCT\(.name.\)\) FROM .*users.*`).MatchString(result.Statement.SQL.String()) {
		t.Fatalf("Build count with select, but got %v", result.Statement.SQL.String())
	}

	var count4 int64

		}
	} else {
		builder.WriteByte('*')
	}
}

func (s Select) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if s.Expression != nil {
		if s.Distinct {
			if expr, ok := s.Expression.(Expr); ok {
				expr.SQL = "DISTINCT " + expr.SQL
				clause.Expression = expr
				return
			}
		}

		clause.Expression = s.Expression
	} else {
		clause.Expression = s
	}
}

						}
					}
					if len(fromColumns) > 0 {
						db.Statement.AddClause(clause.Returning{Columns: fromColumns})
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if db.Statement.SQL.Len() == 0 {
			db.Statement.SQL.Grow(180)
			db.Statement.AddClauseIfNotExists(clause.Insert{})
			db.Statement.AddClause(ConvertToCreateValues(db.Statement))

			db.Statement.Build(db.Statement.BuildClauses...)
		}

pkg database/sql, method (IsolationLevel) String() string
pkg database/sql, type DBStats struct, Idle int
pkg database/sql, type DBStats struct, InUse int
pkg database/sql, type DBStats struct, MaxIdleClosed int64
pkg database/sql, type DBStats struct, MaxLifetimeClosed int64
pkg database/sql, type DBStats struct, MaxOpenConnections int
pkg database/sql, type DBStats struct, WaitCount int64

pkg crypto/x509, type OID struct #60665
pkg database/sql, method (*Null[$0]) Scan(interface{}) error #60370
pkg database/sql, method (Null[$0]) Value() (driver.Value, error) #60370
pkg database/sql, type Null[$0 interface{}] struct #60370
pkg database/sql, type Null[$0 interface{}] struct, V $0 #60370
pkg database/sql, type Null[$0 interface{}] struct, Valid bool #60370
pkg debug/elf, const R_LARCH_64_PCREL = 109 #63725

- ⚡ [**FastAPI**](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com): Python 백엔드 API.
    - 🧰 [SQLModel](https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com): Python SQL 데이터 상호작용을 위한 (ORM).
    - 🔍 [Pydantic](https://docs.pydantic.dev): FastAPI에 의해 사용되는, 데이터 검증과 설정관리.
    - 💾 [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org): SQL 데이터베이스.
- 🚀 [React](https://react.dev): 프론트엔드.
    - 💃 TypeScript, hooks, [Vite](https://vitejs.dev) 및 기타 현대적인 프론트엔드 스택을 사용.

package callbacks

import (
	"gorm.io/gorm"
)

func RawExec(db *gorm.DB) {
	if db.Error == nil && !db.DryRun {
		result, err := db.Statement.ConnPool.ExecContext(db.Statement.Context, db.Statement.SQL.String(), db.Statement.Vars...)
		if err != nil {
			db.AddError(err)
			return
		}

		db.RowsAffected, _ = result.RowsAffected()

		if db.Statement.Result != nil {
			db.Statement.Result.Result = result

func TestParseSelectStatement(t *testing.T) {
	exp, err := ParseSelectStatement("select _3,_1,_2 as 'mytest'  from S3object")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("parse alias sql error: %v", err)
	}
	if exp.selectAST.Expression.Expressions[2].As != "mytest" {
		t.Fatalf("parse alias sql error: %s not equal %s", exp.selectAST.Expression.Expressions[2].As, err)
	}