到目前為止，你都是用對應的型別來宣告你需要的請求各部分。

例如從以下來源取得資料：

- 路徑中的參數。
- 標頭。
- Cookies。
- 等等。

這麼做時，FastAPI 會自動驗證並轉換這些資料，還會為你的 API 產生文件。

但有些情況你可能需要直接存取 `Request` 物件。

## 關於 `Request` 物件的細節 { #details-about-the-request-object }

由於 FastAPI 底層其實是 Starlette，再加上一層工具，因此在需要時你可以直接使用 Starlette 的 [`Request`](https://www.starlette.dev/requests/) 物件。

{!../../docs_src/templates/static/styles.css!}
```

І оскільки ви використовуєте `StaticFiles`, цей файл CSS буде автоматично обслуговуватись вашим застосунком **FastAPI** за URL `/static/styles.css`.

## Детальніше { #more-details }

// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package config

import (
	"crypto/x509"

    assert response.json() == {"username": "secret"}


def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}
    assert response.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] == "APIKey"


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

### 带 `yield` 的依赖项与 `except`（技术细节） { #dependencies-with-yield-and-except-technical-details }

在 FastAPI 0.110.0 之前，如果你在带 `yield` 的依赖项中用 `except` 捕获了一个异常，并且没有再次抛出它，那么该异常会被自动抛出/转发给任意异常处理器或内部服务器错误处理器。

在 0.110.0 中对此作出了变更，以修复将异常转发为未处理（内部服务器错误）时造成的内存消耗问题，并使其与常规 Python 代码的行为保持一致。

### 后台任务与带 `yield` 的依赖项（技术细节） { #background-tasks-and-dependencies-with-yield-technical-details }

`KEK := PRF(EK, IV, context_values)` where:

- [EK](#ek): is the external key. In case of SSE-C this is the client-provided key. In case of SSE-S3  this is secret key generated by the KMS. For further details see [SSE-C](#Server-Side-Encryption-with-client-provided-Keys) or [SSE-S3](#Server-Side-Encryption-with-a-KMS).
- [IV](#iv): is a randomly generated initialization vector. It is public and part of the object metadata.

{* ../../docs_src/path_operation_configuration/tutorial001_py310.py hl[1,15] *}

Ese código de estado se usará en el response y se añadirá al esquema de OpenAPI.

/// note | Detalles Técnicos

También podrías usar `from starlette import status`.

**FastAPI** ofrece el mismo `starlette.status` como `fastapi.status` solo por conveniencia para ti, el desarrollador. Pero viene directamente de Starlette.

def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}
    assert response.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] == "APIKey"


def test_openapi_schema():
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")

def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}
    assert response.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] == "APIKey"


def test_openapi_schema():
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")

```http
https://example.com/items/?limit=10&tool=plumbus
```

erhält er eine **Error-Response**, die ihm mitteilt, dass der Query-Parameter `tool` nicht erlaubt ist:

```json
{
    "detail": [
        {
            "type": "extra_forbidden",
            "loc": ["query", "tool"],
            "msg": "Extra inputs are not permitted",
            "input": "plumbus"
        }
    ]
}
```