//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="13  15  22  25"
{!> ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial002_an_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="13  15  22  25"
{!> ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial002_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="14  16  23  26"
{!> ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial002_an.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

In diesem Fall wird der Funktionsparameter `q` optional, und standardmäßig `None` sein.

/// check

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial003.py!}
```

Поскольку редактор знает типы переменных, вы получаете не только дополнение, но и проверки ошибок:

<img src="/img/python-types/image04.png">

Теперь вы знаете, что вам нужно исправить, преобразовав `age` в строку с `str(age)`:

```Python hl_lines="2"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial004.py!}
```

The same way, you can declare optional query parameters, by setting their default to `None`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

In this case, the function parameter `q` will be optional, and will be `None` by default.

/// check

```Python hl_lines="2"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

## 여러분의 데이터 모델 만들기

`BaseModel`를 상속받은 클래스로 여러분의 데이터 모델을 선언합니다.

모든 어트리뷰트에 대해 표준 파이썬 타입을 사용합니다:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="5-9"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

## 🗄 ➡

🥇, 🗄 `Path` ⚪️➡️ `fastapi`:

//// tab | 🐍 3️⃣.6️⃣ & 🔛

```Python hl_lines="3"
{!> ../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

//// tab | 🐍 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣ & 🔛

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

## 📣 🗃

👆 💪 📣 🌐 🎏 🔢 `Query`.

Спочатку вам потрібно імпортувати `BaseModel` з `pydantic`:

//// tab | Python 3.8 і вище

```Python hl_lines="4"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.10 і вище

```Python hl_lines="2"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

## Створіть свою модель даних

# 查询参数和字符串校验

**FastAPI** 允许你为参数声明额外的信息和校验。

让我们以下面的应用程序为例：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

查询参数 `q` 的类型为 `str`，默认值为 `None`，因此它是可选的。

## 额外的校验

///

## `File` und `Form` importieren

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="3"
{!> ../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001_an.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+ nicht annotiert

/// tip | "Tipp"

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="11"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="12"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an.py!}
```

////