{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py hl[2,12,15:18] *}

/// tip

Notice that the testing functions are normal `def`, not `async def`.

And the calls to the client are also normal calls, not using `await`.

This allows you to use `pytest` directly without complications.

///

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

/**
 * An SSLSocketFactory that delegates calls. Sockets created by the delegate are wrapped with ones
 * that will not accept the [TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV] cipher, thus bypassing server-side fallback
 * checks on platforms that support it. Unfortunately this wrapping will disable any
 * reflection-based calls to SSLSocket from Platform.
 */
class FallbackTestClientSocketFactory(

        }, "remove() should not throw any exception");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("EmptyIterator should behave consistently across multiple calls")
    void testConsistentBehavior() {
        // When & Then - test multiple sequential calls
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            assertFalse(emptyIterator.hasNext(), "hasNext should consistently return false");

        assertNotNull(option1);
        assertNotNull(option2);

        // Each call should return a new instance
        assertNotSame(option1, option2);
    }

    public void test_provideMappingOption_consistency() {
        // Test that multiple calls provide consistent configuration
        JsonMappingOption option1 = provider.provideMappingOption();

    val call = calls[0]
    assertThat(call).contains("host=" + url.host)
    assertThat(call).contains("port=" + url.port)
    assertThat(call).contains("site=" + url.host)
    assertThat(call).contains("url=http://android.com")
    assertThat(call).contains("type=" + java.net.Authenticator.RequestorType.PROXY)
    assertThat(call).contains("prompt=Bar")
    assertThat(call).contains("protocol=http")

  /**
   * Precondition tester for {@code Iterator.remove()} that throws an exception with a consistent
   * error message.
   */
  static void checkRemove(boolean canRemove) {
    checkState(canRemove, "no calls to next() since the last call to remove()");
  }

  private CollectPreconditions() {}

var (
	internodeErrorsTotalMD = NewCounterMD(internodeErrorsTotal,
		"Total number of failed internode calls")
	internodeDialedErrorsTotalMD = NewCounterMD(internodeDialErrorsTotal,
		"Total number of internode TCP dial timeouts and errors")
	internodeDialAvgTimeNanosMD = NewGaugeMD(internodeDialAvgTimeNanos,
		"Average dial time of internode TCP calls in nanoseconds")
	internodeSentBytesTotalMD = NewCounterMD(internodeSentBytesTotal,

 *
 * When a single logical call requires multiple streams due to redirects or authorization
 * challenges, we prefer to use the same physical connection for all streams in the sequence. There
 * are potential performance and behavior consequences to this preference. To support this feature,
 * this class separates _allocations_ from _streams_. An allocation is created by a call, used for

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A list which forwards all its method calls to another list. Subclasses should override one or
 * more methods to modify the behavior of the backing list as desired per the <a
 * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *

import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NavigableSet;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A sorted multiset which forwards all its method calls to another sorted multiset. Subclasses
 * should override one or more methods to modify the behavior of the backing multiset as desired per
 * the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern">decorator pattern</a>.
 *