assertEquals("FF", Hexdump.toHexString(255, 2));

        // Test larger values
        assertEquals("00001234", Hexdump.toHexString(0x1234, 8));
        assertEquals("1234", Hexdump.toHexString(0x1234, 4));
        assertEquals("34", Hexdump.toHexString(0x1234, 2));

        // Test negative values (treated as unsigned)
        assertEquals("FFFFFFFF", Hexdump.toHexString(-1, 8));

    // Now change the inputs and see result dynamically change as well

    list1.add(2);
    List<Integer> list3 = newArrayList(3);
    input.add(1, list3);

    assertEquals(asList(1, 2, 3, 4), newArrayList(result));
    assertEquals("[1, 2, 3, 4]", result.toString());
  }

  public void testConcatVarargs() {
    List<Integer> list1 = newArrayList(1);
    List<Integer> list2 = newArrayList(4);

        byte[] data = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
        InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(concat(messageHeader(5), data));
        SocketInputStream sis = new SocketInputStream(in);

        // Read using array-only method
        byte[] buffer = new byte[3];
        assertEquals(3, sis.read(buffer));
        assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 }, buffer);
    }

    @Test

        // Create a temporary lmhosts file with various IP formats
        File lmhostsFile = tempDir.resolve("lmhosts_ips").toFile();
        try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(lmhostsFile)) {
            writer.write("1.2.3.4 HOST1\n");
            writer.write("192.168.1.100 HOST2\n");
            writer.write("255.255.255.255 HOST3\n");
            writer.write("10.0.0.1 HOST4\n");
        }

    Multimap<String, Integer> map = create();
    map.put("bar", 1);
    map.put("foo", 2);
    map.put("bar", 3);
    map.put("bar", 4);
    assertEquals("[1, 2, 3, 4]", map.values().toString());
    map.values().remove(2);
    assertEquals("{bar=[1, 3, 4]}", map.toString());
  }

  public void testLinkedEntries() {
    Multimap<String, Integer> map = create();
    map.put("bar", 1);
    map.put("foo", 2);

    expected.add(ImmutableSet.of(2, 3));
    expected.add(ImmutableSet.of(1, 2, 3));

    Set<Set<Integer>> almostPowerSet = new HashSet<>(expected);
    almostPowerSet.remove(ImmutableSet.of(1, 2, 3));
    almostPowerSet.add(ImmutableSet.of(1, 2, 4));

    new EqualsTester()
        .addEqualityGroup(expected, powerSet)
        .addEqualityGroup(ImmutableSet.of(1, 2, 3))
        .addEqualityGroup(almostPowerSet)
        .testEquals();

    assertThat(localVerifier.verify("\uD83D\uDCA9.com", session)).isFalse()
  }

  @Test fun verifyAsIpAddress() {
    // IPv4
    assertThat("127.0.0.1".canParseAsIpAddress()).isTrue()
    assertThat("1.2.3.4".canParseAsIpAddress()).isTrue()

    // IPv6
    assertThat("::1".canParseAsIpAddress()).isTrue()
    assertThat("2001:db8::1".canParseAsIpAddress()).isTrue()

        .scheme("http")
        .build()
        .port,
    ).isEqualTo(80)
    assertThat(
      parse("https://example.com:1234")
        .newBuilder()
        .scheme("http")
        .build()
        .port,
    ).isEqualTo(1234)
  }

  @Test
  fun composeEncodesWhitespace() {
    val url =
      HttpUrl
        .Builder()
        .scheme("http")

http://foo/abcd?efgh?ijkl  s:http h:foo p:/abcd q:?efgh?ijkl
http://foo/abcd#foo?bar  s:http h:foo p:/abcd f:#foo?bar
[61:24:74]:98  s:http h:example.org p:/foo/[61:24:74]:98
http:[61:27]/:foo  s:http h:example.org p:/foo/[61:27]/:foo
http://[1::2]:3:4
http://2001::1
http://2001::1]
http://2001::1]:80
http://[2001::1]  s:http h:[2001::1] p:/
http://[2001::1]:80  s:http h:[2001::1] p:/
http:/example.com/  s:http h:example.org p:/example.com/

    assertTrue(len4.matches('c'));
    assertTrue(len4.matches('d'));
    for (char c = 'e'; c < 'z'; c++) {
      assertFalse(len4.matches(c));
    }

    Random rand = new Random(1234);
    for (int testCase = 0; testCase < 100; testCase++) {
      char[] chars = randomChars(rand, rand.nextInt(63) + 1);
      CharMatcher m = SmallCharMatcher.from(bitSet(chars), new String(chars));