* href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/ListenableFutureExplained">{@code
 * ListenableFuture}</a>.
 *
 * <p>This class is GWT-compatible.
 *
 * <h3>Purpose</h3>
 *
 * <p>The main purpose of {@code ListenableFuture} is to help you chain together a graph of
 * asynchronous operations. You can chain them together manually with calls to methods like {@link

   * check its availability with {@link #lazyStackTraceIsLazy()}.
   *
   * <p>The expected (but not guaranteed) performance of the special implementation differs from
   * {@code getStackTrace} in one main way: The {@code lazyStackTrace} call itself returns quickly
   * by delaying the per-stack-frame work until each element is accessed. Roughly speaking:
   *
   * <ul>

   * check its availability with {@link #lazyStackTraceIsLazy()}.
   *
   * <p>The expected (but not guaranteed) performance of the special implementation differs from
   * {@code getStackTrace} in one main way: The {@code lazyStackTrace} call itself returns quickly
   * by delaying the per-stack-frame work until each element is accessed. Roughly speaking:
   *
   * <ul>

  /*
   * Ideally, this class would have exposed only constructors that require a non-null cause. See
   * https://github.com/jspecify/jspecify-reference-checker/blob/61aafa4ae52594830cfc2d61c8b113009dbdb045/src/main/java/com/google/jspecify/nullness/NullSpecTransfer.java#L789
   * and https://github.com/jspecify/jspecify/issues/490.
   *
   * (That would also have ensured that its cause was always an Error, rather than possibly another

        new CyclicBarrier(
            6 // for the setter threads
                + 50 // for the listeners
                + 50 // for the blocking get threads,
                + 1); // for the main thread
    final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(barrier.getParties());
    final AtomicReference<AbstractFuture<String>> currentFuture = Atomics.newReference();

              @Override
              public void run() {
                notifyStarted();
                // We need to wait for the main thread to leave the ServiceManager.startAsync call
                // to
                // ensure that the thread running the failure callbacks is not the main thread.
                Uninterruptibles.awaitUninterruptibly(afterStarted);
                notifyFailed(new Exception("boom"));
              }

    // need a long enough string for the buffer to hit 0 remaining before the copy completes
    String string = Strings.repeat("0123456789", 100);
    StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
    // the main assertion of this test is here... the copy will fail if the buffer size goes down
    // each time it is not filled completely
    long copied = CharStreams.copy(newNonBufferFillingReader(new StringReader(string)), b);

    // need a long enough string for the buffer to hit 0 remaining before the copy completes
    String string = Strings.repeat("0123456789", 100);
    StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
    // the main assertion of this test is here... the copy will fail if the buffer size goes down
    // each time it is not filled completely
    long copied = CharStreams.copy(newNonBufferFillingReader(new StringReader(string)), b);

   * would declare a return type of `@Nullable T[]`. However, we've decided not to think too hard
   * about arrays for now, as they're a mess. (We previously discussed this in the review of
   * ObjectArrays, which is the main caller of this method.)
   */
  static <T extends @Nullable Object> T[] newArray(T[] reference, int length) {
    T[] empty = reference.length == 0 ? reference : Arrays.copyOf(reference, 0);

   * if Fire.run is called by delegate.addListener since addListener is called after the assignment
   * to timer, and importantly this is the main situation in which we need to be able to see the
   * write.
   *
   * 2. visibility of the writes to an afterDone() call triggered by cancel():
   *