assertSame(e, urlFormParameterEscaper());
    assertBasicUrlEscaper(e);

    /*
     * Specified as safe by RFC 2396 but not by java.net.URLEncoder. These tests will start failing
     * when the escaper is made compliant with RFC 2396, but that's a good thing (just change them
     * to assertUnescaped).
     */
    assertEscaping(e, "%21", '!');
    assertEscaping(e, "%28", '(');

    try {
      Preconditions.checkPositionIndexes(-1, 1, 1);
      fail();
    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException expected) {
      assertThat(expected).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo("start index (-1) must not be negative");
    }
  }

  public void testCheckPositionIndexes_endTooHigh() {
    try {
      Preconditions.checkPositionIndexes(0, 2, 1);
      fail();

    }
  }

  // Technically we should test other reentrant scenarios (9 combinations of
  // hasNext/next/peek), but we'll cop out for now, knowing that peek() and
  // next() both start by invoking hasNext() anyway.

  /** Throws an undeclared checked exception. */
  private static void sneakyThrow(Throwable t) {
    class SneakyThrower<T extends Throwable> {

  private static int availableCapacity(Buffer buffer) {
    return buffer.capacity() - buffer.limit();
  }

  /**
   * Flips the buffer output buffer so we can start reading bytes from it. If we are starting to
   * drain because there was overflow, and there aren't actually any characters to drain, then the
   * overflow must be due to a small output buffer.
   */

  private @Nullable Throwable uncaughtThrowable = null;

  public TestThread(L lockLikeObject, String threadName) {
    super(threadName);
    this.lockLikeObject = checkNotNull(lockLikeObject);
    start();
  }

  // Thread.stop() is okay because all threads started by a test are dying at the end of the test,
  // so there is no object state put at risk by stopping the threads abruptly. In some cases a test

        private final Object root;

        /**
         * Construct a new value source, using the supplied object as the root from
         * which to start, and using expressions split at the dot ('.') to navigate
         * the object graph beneath this root.
         * @param root the root of the graph.
         */
        public ObjectBasedValueSource(Object root) {

   * separator}. For example, {@code join("-", 1, 2, 3)} returns the string {@code "1-2-3"}.
   *
   * @param separator the text that should appear between consecutive values in the resulting string
   *     (but not at the start or end)
   * @param array an array of unsigned {@code int} values, possibly empty
   */
  public static String join(String separator, int... array) {
    checkNotNull(separator);
    if (array.length == 0) {

            "0"
        };

        checkVersionsArrayEqual(arr);
    }

    /**
     * Test <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MNG-6964">MNG-6964</a> edge cases
     * for qualifiers that start with "-0.", which was showing A == C and B == C but A &lt; B.
     */
    @Test
    void testMng6964() {
        String a = "1-0.alpha";
        String b = "1-0.beta";
        String c = "1";

                      @Override
                      public int compare(Entry<String, String> left, Entry<String, String> right) {
                        return ComparisonChain.start()
                            .compare(left.getKey(), right.getKey(), Ordering.natural().nullsFirst())
                            .compare(

   * "1:2:255"}.
   *
   * @param separator the text that should appear between consecutive values in the resulting string
   *     (but not at the start or end)
   * @param array an array of {@code byte} values, possibly empty
   */
  public static String join(String separator, byte... array) {
    checkNotNull(separator);
    if (array.length == 0) {