def read_dict():
    return {"alias": "Foo"}


@app.get("/model", response_model=Model, response_model_by_alias=False)
def read_model():
    return Model(alias="Foo")


@app.get("/list", response_model=List[Model], response_model_by_alias=False)
def read_list():
    return [{"alias": "Foo"}, {"alias": "Bar"}]


@app.get("/by-alias/dict", response_model=Model)
def by_alias_dict():

            "field (e.g. Union[Response, dict, None]) you can disable generating the "
            "response model from the type annotation with the path operation decorator "
            "parameter response_model=None. Read more: "
            "https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/"
        ) from None


def create_cloned_field(
    field: ModelField,
    *,

        type_=Union[str, List[int]],
        class_validators={},
        model_config=BaseConfig,
    )
    assert not is_pv1_scalar_field(field)


@needs_pydanticv2
def test_get_model_config():
    # For coverage in Pydantic v2
    class Foo(BaseModel):
        model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)

    foo = Foo()
    config = _get_model_config(foo)
    assert config == {"from_attributes": True}

    owner_ids: Optional[List[int]] = None


@app.get("/items/invalid", response_model=Item)
def get_invalid():
    return {"name": "invalid", "price": "foo"}


@app.get("/items/invalidnone", response_model=Item)
def get_invalid_none():
    return None


@app.get("/items/validnone", response_model=Union[Item, None])
def get_valid_none(send_none: bool = False):
    if send_none:
        return None

        "tax": 10.5,
    },
}


@app.get(
    "/items/{item_id}/name",
    response_model=Item,
    response_model_include=["name", "description"],
)
async def read_item_name(item_id: str):
    return items[item_id]


@app.get("/items/{item_id}/public", response_model=Item, response_model_exclude=["tax"])
async def read_item_public_data(item_id: str):

@app.post("/items/", response_model=ResponseMessage, tags=["items"])
async def create_item(item: Item):
    return {"message": "Item received"}


@app.get("/items/", response_model=List[Item], tags=["items"])
async def get_items():
    return [
        {"name": "Plumbus", "price": 3},
        {"name": "Portal Gun", "price": 9001},
    ]


@app.post("/users/", response_model=ResponseMessage, tags=["users"])

    owner_ids: Optional[List[int]] = None


@app.get("/items/valid", response_model=Item)
def get_valid():
    return {"name": "valid", "price": 1.0}


@app.get("/items/coerce", response_model=Item)
def get_coerce():
    return {"name": "coerce", "price": "1.0"}


@app.get("/items/validlist", response_model=List[Item])
def get_validlist():
    return [
        {"name": "foo"},

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float


class ResponseMessage(BaseModel):
    message: str


@app.post("/items/", response_model=ResponseMessage)
async def create_item(item: Item):
    return {"message": "item received"}


@app.get("/items/", response_model=List[Item])
async def get_items():
    return [
        {"name": "Plumbus", "price": 3},
        {"name": "Portal Gun", "price": 9001},

    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.post("/items/", response_model=Item)
async def create_item(item: Item) -> Any:
    return item


@app.get("/items/", response_model=list[Item])
async def read_items() -> Any:
    return [
        {"name": "Portal Gun", "price": 42.0},
        {"name": "Plumbus", "price": 32.0},

            "content": {"application/x-yaml": {"schema": Item.model_json_schema()}},
            "required": True,
        },
    },
)
async def create_item(request: Request):
    raw_body = await request.body()
    try:
        data = yaml.safe_load(raw_body)
    except yaml.YAMLError:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=422, detail="Invalid YAML")
    try:
        item = Item.model_validate(data)
    except ValidationError as e: