---

Here's how to help others with questions (in discussions or issues):

### Understand the question

* Check if you can understand what is the **purpose** and use case of the person asking.

* Then check if the question (the vast majority are questions) is **clear**.

### 🎓 🆎

👆 💪 📣 🎓 🆎 🔢.

➡️ 💬 👆 ✔️ 🎓 `Person`, ⏮️ 📛:

```Python hl_lines="1-3"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

⤴️ 👆 💪 📣 🔢 🆎 `Person`:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

& ⤴️, 🔄, 👆 🤚 🌐 👨‍🎨 🐕‍🦺:

* `Set`
* `Dict`
* `Optional`
* ...など

**ジェネリック型** または **ジェネリクス** と呼びます。

### 型としてのクラス

変数の型としてクラスを宣言することもできます。

例えば、`Person`クラスという名前のクラスがあるとしましょう:

```Python hl_lines="1 2 3"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

変数の型を`Person`として宣言することができます:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

そして、再び、すべてのエディタのサポートを得ることができます:

Aso, when returning several objects, like in `get_users`, we directly call `list`, like in:

```Python
list(models.User.select())
```

                It can contain several fields.

                * `name`: (`str`) The name of the contact person/organization.
                * `url`: (`str`) A URL pointing to the contact information. MUST be in
                    the format of a URL.
                * `email`: (`str`) The email address of the contact person/organization.
                    MUST be in the format of an email address.

from fastapi._compat import PYDANTIC_V2

needs_py39 = pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason="requires python3.9+")
needs_py310 = pytest.mark.skipif(
    sys.version_info < (3, 10), reason="requires python3.10+"
)
needs_pydanticv2 = pytest.mark.skipif(not PYDANTIC_V2, reason="requires Pydantic v2")

from .utils import needs_pydanticv1, needs_pydanticv2


class Person:
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        self.name = name


class Pet:
    def __init__(self, owner: Person, name: str):
        self.owner = owner
        self.name = name


@dataclass
class Item:
    name: str
    count: int


class DictablePerson(Person):
    def __iter__(self):

<img src="/img/python-types/image06.png">

Beachten Sie, das bedeutet: „`one_person` ist eine **Instanz** der Klasse `Person`“.

Es bedeutet nicht: „`one_person` ist die **Klasse** genannt `Person`“.

## Pydantic Modelle

<a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> ist eine Python-Bibliothek für die Validierung von Daten.

    )


async def websocket_request_validation_exception_handler(
    websocket: WebSocket, exc: WebSocketRequestValidationError
) -> None:
    await websocket.close(
        code=WS_1008_POLICY_VIOLATION, reason=jsonable_encoder(exc.errors())

<img src="/img/python-types/image06.png">

লক্ষ্য করুন যে এর মানে হল "`one_person` হল ক্লাস `Person`-এর একটি **ইন্সট্যান্স**।"

এর মানে এটি নয় যে "`one_person` হল **ক্লাস** যাকে বলা হয় `Person`।"

## Pydantic মডেল

[Pydantic](https://docs.pydantic.dev/) হল একটি Python লাইব্রেরি যা ডাটা ভ্যালিডেশন সম্পাদন করে।

আপনি ডাটার "আকার" এট্রিবিউট সহ ক্লাস হিসেবে ঘোষণা করেন।