That means that, clients using your API don't have to check if the value exists or not, they can **assume the field will always be there**, but just that in some cases it will have the default value of `None`.

The way to describe this in OpenAPI, is to mark that field as **required**, because it will always be there.

Because of that, the JSON Schema for a model can be different depending on if it's used for **input or output**:

     */
    @Nonnull
    <T> Optional<T> lookupOptional(Class<T> type, String name);

    /**
     * Performs a collection lookup for given typed components.
     *
     * @param type The component type.
     * @return The list of components. The list may be empty if no components found.
     * @param <T> The component type.

    AtomicLongMap<K> result = create();
    result.putAll(m);
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the value associated with {@code key}, or zero if there is no value associated with
   * {@code key}.
   */
  public long get(K key) {
    return map.getOrDefault(key, 0L);
  }

  /**

def on_files(files: Files, *, config: MkDocsConfig) -> Files:
    resolve_files(items=config.nav or [], files=files, config=config)
    if "logo" in config.theme:
        resolve_file(item=config.theme["logo"], files=files, config=config)
    if "favicon" in config.theme:
        resolve_file(item=config.theme["favicon"], files=files, config=config)
    resolve_files(items=config.extra_css, files=files, config=config)

theme: jekyll-theme-minimal...

     * Return the index of the next lower element in the list, or {@code -1} if there is no such
     * element.
     */
    NEXT_LOWER {
      @Override
      int resultIndex(int higherIndex) {
        return higherIndex - 1;
      }
    },
    /**
     * Return the index of the next higher element in the list, or {@code list.size()} if there is
     * no such element.
     */
    NEXT_HIGHER {
      @Override

    /*
     * TODO(cpovirk): move ForwardingTestCase somewhere common, and use it to
     * test the forwarded methods
     */
  }

  @AndroidIncompatible // Mocking ExecutorService is forbidden there. TODO(b/218700094): Don't mock.
  public void testListeningDecorator_noWrapExecuteTask() {
    ExecutorService delegate = mock(ExecutorService.class);
    ListeningExecutorService service = listeningDecorator(delegate);

  // Required.
  optional PriorityLevelConfigurationReference priorityLevelConfiguration = 1;

  // `matchingPrecedence` is used to choose among the FlowSchemas that match a given request. The chosen
  // FlowSchema is among those with the numerically lowest (which we take to be logically highest)
  // MatchingPrecedence.  Each MatchingPrecedence value must be ranged in [1,10000].

	// ErrDuplicatedKey occurs when there is a unique key constraint violation
	ErrDuplicatedKey = errors.New("duplicated key not allowed")
	// ErrForeignKeyViolated occurs when there is a foreign key constraint violation
	ErrForeignKeyViolated = errors.New("violates foreign key constraint")
	// ErrCheckConstraintViolated occurs when there is a check constraint violation

 * Updating the table can change the contents of those collections, and updating the collections
 * will change the table.
 *
 * <p>All methods that modify the table are optional, and the views returned by the table may or may
 * not be modifiable. When modification isn't supported, those methods will throw an {@link
 * UnsupportedOperationException}.
 *
 * <h3>Implementations</h3>
 *